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Published on: October 2, 2019
PROMIS Sleep Disturbance and Sleep-Related Impairment in Adolescents: Examining Psychometrics Using Self-Report and
Alyson E Hanish1, Deborah C Lin-Dyken, Joan C Han
1Alyson E. Hanish, PhD, MSN, RN, is Postdoctoral Research Associate, Section on Growth and Obesity, Program in Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; National Institute of Nursing Research, Bethesda, Maryland; and College of Nursing, University of Iowa, Iowa City; University of Nebraska Medical Center, College of Nursing, Omaha, Nebraska. Deborah C. Lin-Dyken, MD, is Clinical Associate Professor, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Stead Family Department of Pediatric, University of Iowa, Iowa City. Joan C. Han, MD, is Associate Professor, Section on Growth and Obesity, Program in Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, and Departments of Pediatrics and Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Children's Foundation Research Institute, Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, Memphis.
Background:
The National Institutes of Health Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) has self-reported health measures available for both pediatric and adult populations, but no pediatric measures are available currently in the sleep domains.
Objective:
The purpose of this observational study was to perform preliminary validation studies on age-appropriate, self-reported sleep measures in healthy adolescents.
Methods:
This study examined 25 healthy adolescents' self-reported daytime sleepiness, sleep disturbance, sleep-related impairment, and sleep patterns. Healthy adolescents completed a physical exam at the National Institutes of Health Clinical Center (Bethesda, MD), had no chronic medical conditions, and were not taking any chronic medications. The Cleveland Adolescent Sleepiness Questionnaire (CASQ), PROMIS Sleep Disturbance (v. 1.0; 8a), and PROMIS Sleep-Related Impairment (v. 1.0; 8b) questionnaires were completed, and sleep patterns were assessed using actigraphy.
Results:
Total scores on the three sleep questionnaires were correlated (all Spearman's r > .70, p < .001). Total sleep time determined by actigraphy was negatively correlated with the CASQ (p = .01), PROMIS Sleep Disturbance (p = .02), and PROMIS Sleep-Related Impairment (p = .02).
Discussion:
The field of pediatric sleep is rapidly expanding, and researchers and clinicians will benefit from well-designed, psychometrically sound sleep questionnaires. Findings suggest the potential research and clinical utility of adult versions of PROMIS sleep measures in adolescents. Future studies should include larger, more diverse samples and explore additional psychometric properties of PROMIS sleep measures to provide age-appropriate, validated, and reliable measures of sleep in adolescents.
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