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Venous thrombosis, the most common disorder of the veins, involves the formation of a thrombus or blood clot associated with vein inflammation. It can be classified as either superficial vein thrombosis or deep vein thrombosis.Superficial Vein Thrombosis: This involves the formation of a thrombus in a superficial vein, usually the greater or lesser saphenous vein. Though less severe than deep vein thrombosis (DVT), SVT can lead to complications if untreated.Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): This...
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Venous thrombosis requires effective prevention and treatment strategies to improve patient outcomes and reduce potential complications.Prevention StrategiesHealthcare providers must prioritize preventing venous thromboembolism (VTE) for all adult patients upon admission. Interventions depend on bleeding and thrombosis risk, medical history, current medications, diagnoses, planned procedures, and patient preferences. Patients on bed rest should change positions every two hours and, if not...
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Updated: Mar 3, 2026

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Bioprosthetic Valve Thrombosis.

Rishi Puri1, Vincent Auffret2, Josep Rodés-Cabau3

  • 1Québec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada; Cleveland Clinic Coordinating Center for Clinical Research, Cleveland, Ohio; Department of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.

Journal of the American College of Cardiology
|April 29, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Bioprosthetic valve thrombosis, once rare, is now recognized more often with advanced imaging. Research is ongoing regarding its clinical relevance and optimal treatment, especially for transcatheter heart valves.

Keywords:
4-dimensional computed tomographyheart valve prosthesissurgical aortic valve replacementthromboembolismthrombolytic therapytranscatheter aortic valve replacement

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Biomaterials Science

Background:

  • Bioprosthetic valve (BPV) thrombosis was historically considered rare.
  • Advances in echocardiography and 4D-CT imaging reveal higher incidence of subclinical thrombosis in both surgical and transcatheter heart valves (THVs).
  • Clinical significance of subclinical BPV thrombosis and the efficacy of empirical anticoagulation remain debated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of the clinical and subclinical spectrum of BPV thrombosis.
  • To outline diagnostic challenges associated with BPV thrombosis.
  • To discuss emerging therapeutic strategies, particularly for THV recipients.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of recent analyses and imaging studies.
  • Discussion of pathophysiological mechanisms.
  • Synthesis of current clinical practices and emerging treatment options.

Main Results:

  • Increased detection of both clinical and subclinical BPV thrombosis due to advanced imaging techniques.
  • Ongoing debate regarding the clinical relevance of subclinical thrombosis and anticoagulation strategies.
  • Lack of prospective data on optimal treatment for THV recipients.

Conclusions:

  • BPV thrombosis, including subclinical forms, is more prevalent than previously thought.
  • Further research is needed to clarify the clinical impact and guide treatment decisions, especially for THV thrombosis.
  • Emerging therapeutic options require systematic investigation.