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Risk factors for acute kidney injury in a pediatric intensive care unit: a retrospective cohort study

Lina María Serna-Higuita1, John Fredy Nieto-Ríos2, Jorge Eduardo Contreras-Saldarriaga3

  • 1Instituto de Bioestadistica, Hospital Universitario de Tübingen, Tübingen, Alemania. Address: Oficina de Nefrología y Trasplante Renal, Hospital Pablo Tobón Uribe, Calle 78b 69-240, Medellín, Colombia.

Medwave
|April 29, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in critically ill children, affecting 11.5%. Low platelet count and vasopressor use are key risk factors for developing AKI, leading to longer hospital stays and increased mortality.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric critical care medicine
  • Nephrology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • The incidence and risk factors for acute kidney injury (AKI) in pediatric patients are not well-defined.
  • Understanding AKI in critically ill children is crucial for improving outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence of AKI in critically ill pediatric patients.
  • To identify independent risk factors associated with AKI development in this population.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective study was conducted on 382 pediatric patients (<14 years) admitted to a tertiary pediatric intensive care unit.
  • Acute kidney injury (AKI) was diagnosed using the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria.

Main Results:

  • The incidence of AKI was 11.5% (0.99 per person-day).
  • Independent risk factors for AKI included low platelet count (OR=2.95) and vasopressor support (OR=4.60).
  • Patients with AKI experienced significantly longer hospital stays (19 vs. 5 days) and higher mortality.

Conclusions:

  • Acute kidney injury is a frequent complication in critically ill children, associated with adverse outcomes.
  • Low platelet count and vasopressor support are significant independent predictors of AKI in pediatric intensive care settings.
Abstract

Keywords:
childrencritical illnessesmortalityrisk factorsacute kidney injury

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