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Stretchable Thermoelectric Generators Metallized with Liquid Alloy.

Seung Hee Jeong1, Francisco Javier Cruz1, Si Chen2

  • 1Department of Engineering Sciences, The Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University , SE-751 21 Uppsala, Sweden.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|April 29, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed soft and stretchable thermoelectric generators (STEGs) using rigid bismuth telluride pellets and liquid alloy interconnects. These flexible devices efficiently harvest thermal energy from curved surfaces, even after repeated stretching.

Keywords:
contact resistanceelastomer packagingflexibilityinterconnectliquid alloystretchabilitythermoelectric generator

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Energy Harvesting
  • Thermoelectrics

Background:

  • Conventional thermoelectric generators (TEGs) are rigid and flat, limiting their application on curved surfaces.
  • Efficient thermal energy harvesting from diverse object geometries requires flexible and stretchable thermoelectric generator (STEG) technologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop soft and stretchable thermoelectric generators (STEGs) capable of conforming to curvy surfaces.
  • To enhance thermal energy harvesting efficiency by utilizing compliant thermoelectric devices.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of STEGs using conventional rigid bismuth telluride (Bi2Te3) pellets metallized with a liquid alloy.
  • Implementation of a tailored layer-by-layer fabrication process for creating the STEGs.
  • Mechanical testing to evaluate the durability and operational stability of the STEGs under stretching.

Main Results:

  • The developed STEGs demonstrated an output power density of 40.6 μW/cm² at room temperature.
  • The STEGs maintained operational functionality after over 1000 cycles of mechanical stretching and releasing.
  • A compliant contact scheme using liquid alloy interconnects enabled robust performance despite mechanical deformation.

Conclusions:

  • Soft and stretchable thermoelectric generators (STEGs) can be fabricated using rigid thermoelectric materials and liquid alloy interconnects.
  • The demonstrated fabrication approach offers a viable pathway for developing flexible energy-harvesting solutions.
  • This technology opens new avenues for integrating thermoelectric energy harvesting into various emerging electronic applications requiring mechanical compliance.