Capillary electrochromatography immunoassay for alpha-fetoprotein based on poly(guanidinium ionic liquid) monolithic...

Area of Science:

• Analytical Chemistry
• Biochemistry

Background:

• Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is a key biomarker for primary hepatoma diagnosis.
• Sensitive AFP detection is vital for early disease identification and prognosis.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a novel non-competitive immunoassay for ultra-trace AFP detection.
• To utilize poly(guanidinium ionic liquid) monolithic material in capillary electrochromatography (CEC).

Main Methods:

• A non-competitive immunoassay (IA) was developed using poly(guanidinium ionic liquid) monolithic material.
• The assay was performed in capillary electrochromatography (CEC) mode with laser-induced fluorescence detection.
• AFP was detected by separating immunocomplexes from free fluorescently labeled antibodies.

Main Results:

• The developed CEC-IA method achieved a low detection limit of 0.05 μg L⁻¹ (S/N = 3).
• A wide linearity range from 0.1 to 1000 μg L⁻¹ for AFP was established.
• The method demonstrated effective AFP determination in human serum samples.

Conclusions:

• The novel CEC-IA method provides sensitive and reliable detection of ultra-trace AFP levels.
• The poly(guanidinium ionic liquid) monolithic material enhances separation and enrichment efficiency.
• This assay is a promising tool for early hepatoma diagnosis and monitoring.