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Protocol for Relative Hydrodynamic Assessment of Tri-leaflet Polymer Valves

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Published on: October 17, 2013

Evaluation of an aortic valve prosthesis: Fluid-structure interaction or structural simulation?

Giulia Luraghi¹, Wei Wu¹, Francesco De Gaetano¹

¹Laboratory of Biological Structure Mechanics (LaBS), Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy.

Journal of Biomechanics

|April 30, 2017

Summary

Fluid-structure interaction (FSI) simulations accurately predict bio-inspired polymeric heart valve (PHV) performance. This approach is superior to finite-element (FE) analysis for understanding PHV behavior and improving their clinical reliability.

Keywords:

Cardiovascular mechanics Finite element analysis Fluid-structure interaction Polymeric heart valve

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Area of Science:

Biomaterials Science
Computational Fluid Dynamics
Medical Device Engineering

Background:

Bio-inspired polymeric heart valves (PHVs) show promise for mimicking native valve function.
Current PHVs face reliability challenges hindering clinical adoption.
PHVs offer potential as alternatives to mechanical/biological valves and for minimally invasive procedures like transcatheter aortic valve implantation.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare the accuracy of structural Finite-Element (FE) and Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) analyses in predicting PHV performance.
To evaluate valve kinematics and geometric orifice area (GOA) using both in vitro and in silico methods.
To determine the most appropriate simulation method for assessing PHV behavior.

Main Methods:

Pulsatile tests were conducted using an in-house pulse duplicator for in vitro evaluation.
In silico analysis was performed using both structural FE and FSI simulations.
Valve kinematics and geometric orifice area (GOA) were measured and compared across methods.

Main Results:

FSI simulations demonstrated significantly higher similarity to experimental results compared to FE simulations.
The maximum difference in GOA between experimental and FSI data was 5%, versus 46.5% for FE.
FSI simulations revealed higher stress values on valve leaflets, reflecting more realistic kinematics.

Conclusions:

FSI simulations are more suitable than FE simulations for accurately modeling PHV behavior.
FSI analysis effectively captures valve-fluid interaction and provides realistic fluid dynamic outcomes.
This study highlights the importance of FSI for advancing the reliability and clinical application of PHVs.