Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Venous Thrombosis III: Interprofessional Care01:29

Venous Thrombosis III: Interprofessional Care

427
Venous thrombosis requires effective prevention and treatment strategies to improve patient outcomes and reduce potential complications.Prevention StrategiesHealthcare providers must prioritize preventing venous thromboembolism (VTE) for all adult patients upon admission. Interventions depend on bleeding and thrombosis risk, medical history, current medications, diagnoses, planned procedures, and patient preferences. Patients on bed rest should change positions every two hours and, if not...
427
Anticoagulant Drugs: Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins01:30

Anticoagulant Drugs: Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins

2.1K
Hemostasis is a crucial process that prevents excessive blood loss from damaged blood vessels. It involves various mechanisms such as vasoconstriction, platelet adhesion and activation, and fibrin formation. The importance of each mechanism depends on the type of vessel injury. In contrast, thrombosis is the abnormal formation of a blood clot within the blood vessels, leading to potential complications if the clot obstructs blood flow. Thrombosis can be caused by increased coagulability of the...
2.1K
Anticoagulant Drugs: Vitamin K Antagonists and Direct Oral Anticoagulants01:18

Anticoagulant Drugs: Vitamin K Antagonists and Direct Oral Anticoagulants

2.6K
Oral anticoagulants are vital tools in preventing and treating blood clotting disorders. This diverse class of medications can be categorized as vitamin K antagonists, exemplified by warfarin, and direct thrombin inhibitors (DTIs), such as dabigatran, as well as factor Xa inhibitors, including rivaroxaban.
Warfarin, a prominent vitamin K antagonist family member, exerts its effect by inhibiting the enzyme VKORC1 (vitamin K epoxide reductase complex 1). By hindering this enzyme, warfarin...
2.6K
Pulmonary Embolism II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care01:29

Pulmonary Embolism II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

568
Diagnosing Pulmonary EmbolismDiagnosing pulmonary embolism (PE) involves clinical assessment and advanced imaging tests. The preferred diagnostic tool is the spiral (helical) CT scan or CT angiography (CTA), which uses intravenous contrast media to visualize the pulmonary vasculature and identify emboli.A ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan is an alternative for patients unable to receive contrast media. This scan includes both perfusion and ventilation scanning. Perfusion scanning involves...
568
Clot Retraction and Fibrinolysis01:16

Clot Retraction and Fibrinolysis

9.7K
After a fibrin clot is formed, the next step is clot retraction, a vital process facilitated by platelet contractile proteins, such as actin and myosin. These proteins pull the fibrin strands closer together and condense the clot. This action reduces the size of the clot, creating a smaller, denser structure that effectively seals off the damaged vessel. Clot retraction consolidates the clot and helps with wound healing by bringing the edges of the damaged blood vessel closer together.
9.7K
Antiplatelet Drugs: Prostaglandin Synthesis, P2Y12 and Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Inhibitors01:20

Antiplatelet Drugs: Prostaglandin Synthesis, P2Y12 and Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Inhibitors

1.4K
Antiplatelet drugs emerge as frontline defenders against the insidious threat of thromboembolic diseases, where abnormal clots obstruct vital blood vessels. These drugs stand as bulwarks, inhibiting platelet aggregation and clot formation, thereby mitigating the risk of life-threatening conditions like myocardial infarction, coronary artery disease, and thrombotic strokes.
Prostaglandin synthesis inhibitors, exemplified by the widely known aspirin, wield their power by irreversibly acetylating...
1.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Erratum: Coastline changes: A reconsideration of the prevalence of recession on sandy shorelines - CORRIGENDUM.

Cambridge prisms. Coastal futures·2026
Same author

Combining in-field and edge-of-field practices enhances nitrate reduction in tile-drained catchments.

Water research·2026
Same author

Intersectional pain disparities and resilience in veterans with chronic pain.

Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association·2025
Same author

Coastline changes: A reconsideration of the prevalence of recession on sandy shorelines.

Cambridge prisms. Coastal futures·2025
Same author

Paramedics' role in healthcare delivery in short-term police custody in Queensland, Australia: a preliminary report.

Health promotion international·2025
Same author

Emergency care requirements in alcohol-related presentations: a multi-site observational study.

Australian health review : a publication of the Australian Hospital Association·2025
Same journal

Comparison of Resistive Index and Volume Flow in Ultrasound of Arteriovenous Fistula for Dialysis Access.

Hemodialysis international. International Symposium on Home Hemodialysis·2026
Same journal

The Effect of Virtual Museum Visit on Dialysis Symptoms and Anxiety in Hemodialysis Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Hemodialysis international. International Symposium on Home Hemodialysis·2026
Same journal

Nonlinear Association Between Serum Uric Acid Levels and Mortality in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients: A Retrospective Study From the Beijing Hemodialysis Quality Control and Improvement Center.

Hemodialysis international. International Symposium on Home Hemodialysis·2026
Same journal

Shared Hemodialysis Care Practice Patterns and Their Association With Shared Decision-Making in the United Kingdom.

Hemodialysis international. International Symposium on Home Hemodialysis·2026
Same journal

Physiological and Clinical Implications of Timing of Hemoglobin Measurement in Hemodialysis.

Hemodialysis international. International Symposium on Home Hemodialysis·2026
Same journal

Safety and Efficacy of Iron Chelators in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Hemodialysis international. International Symposium on Home Hemodialysis·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 3, 2026

An In vitro System to Gauge the Thrombolytic Efficacy of Histotripsy and a Lytic Drug
07:50

An In vitro System to Gauge the Thrombolytic Efficacy of Histotripsy and a Lytic Drug

Published on: June 4, 2021

3.2K

Thrombolytic Agents.

David Green1

  • 1Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A.

Hemodialysis International. International Symposium on Home Hemodialysis
|April 30, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Urokinase, a common thrombolytic for dialysis catheter occlusion, is unavailable. Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) shows promise but requires further investigation and FDA approval for this indication.

Keywords:
Thrombolysisstaphylokinase, tissue plasminogen activatorstreptokinaseurokinase

More Related Videos

Prehospital Thrombolysis: A Manual from Berlin
05:52

Prehospital Thrombolysis: A Manual from Berlin

Published on: November 26, 2013

22.5K
A Fibrin-Enriched and tPA-Sensitive Photothrombotic Stroke Model
09:42

A Fibrin-Enriched and tPA-Sensitive Photothrombotic Stroke Model

Published on: June 4, 2021

3.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 3, 2026

An In vitro System to Gauge the Thrombolytic Efficacy of Histotripsy and a Lytic Drug
07:50

An In vitro System to Gauge the Thrombolytic Efficacy of Histotripsy and a Lytic Drug

Published on: June 4, 2021

3.2K
Prehospital Thrombolysis: A Manual from Berlin
05:52

Prehospital Thrombolysis: A Manual from Berlin

Published on: November 26, 2013

22.5K
A Fibrin-Enriched and tPA-Sensitive Photothrombotic Stroke Model
09:42

A Fibrin-Enriched and tPA-Sensitive Photothrombotic Stroke Model

Published on: June 4, 2021

3.6K

Area of Science:

  • Thrombosis and Fibrinolysis
  • Vascular Access Management
  • Biologics and Drug Development

Background:

  • Thrombus dissolution relies on plasminogen activators reaching fibrin-bound plasminogen.
  • Dialysis patients with occluded catheters/grafts have used streptokinase, urokinase, and tissue plasminogen activator (tPA).
  • Urokinase was the primary agent but is now unavailable due to manufacturing issues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the use of thrombolytic agents for dialysis vascular access occlusion.
  • To discuss the challenges with current thrombolytic therapies.
  • To explore the potential of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) as an alternative.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on thrombolytic agents in dialysis vascular access.
  • Comparison of efficacy and safety profiles of streptokinase, urokinase, and tPA.
  • Discussion of clinical trial data for tPA in catheter patency.

Main Results:

  • Streptokinase has significant adverse effects.
  • Urokinase has been effective but is no longer available.
  • Recombinant tPA demonstrated higher efficacy than urokinase in a small trial for catheter patency, but is not FDA-approved for this use.

Conclusions:

  • Management of dialysis vascular access occlusion is shifting due to urokinase unavailability.
  • Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is a potential alternative, pending FDA approval and optimized packaging.
  • Future strategies may involve improved thrombus prevention, monitoring, and early mechanical interventions.