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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 3, 2026

Assessing the Coherence of Parents' Short Narratives Regarding their Child Using the Five-Minute Speech Sample Procedure

Assessing the Coherence of Parents' Short Narratives Regarding their Child Using the Five-Minute Speech Sample Procedure

Published on: September 19, 2019

Perceived parental affectionless control is associated with high neuroticism.

Nana Takahashi¹, Akihito Suzuki¹, Yoshihiko Matsumoto¹

¹Department of Psychiatry, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan.

Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment

|May 2, 2017

Summary

Parental affectionless control, characterized by low care and high protection, is linked to higher neuroticism. This parenting style may increase neuroticism in individuals, impacting mental well-being.

Keywords:

NEO PI-R PBI attachment depression parenting personality vulnerability

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Area of Science:

Psychology
Developmental Psychology
Clinical Psychology

Background:

Depression is often associated with perceived parental "affectionless control" (low care, high protection).
High neuroticism is a significant risk factor for developing depression.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the association between perceived parental "affectionless control" and neuroticism.

Main Methods:

664 healthy Japanese volunteers completed the Parental Bonding Instrument and the NEO Personality Inventory-Revised.
Parenting styles were categorized as optimal parenting (high care/low protection) or dysfunctional styles, including "affectionless control" (low care/high protection).

Main Results:

Individuals reporting paternal "affectionless control" exhibited higher neuroticism scores compared to those with paternal optimal parenting.
A similar trend was observed for maternal rearing.
Neuroticism scores increased incrementally with the number of parents exhibiting "affectionless control".

Conclusions:

Perceived parental "affectionless control" is significantly associated with heightened neuroticism.
This parenting style appears to contribute to increased neuroticism in individuals.