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Related Concept Videos

Secondary Lymphoid Organs01:15

Secondary Lymphoid Organs

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Secondary organs, including lymph nodes, the spleen, and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT), work harmoniously to protect us from disease and infection.
The spleen is a vital organ in the lymphatic system, nestled in the upper left side of the abdomen. It is composed of two primary regions: the red pulp and the white pulp, each having distinct functions. The red pulp performs a significant role in blood filtration. It efficiently purges the blood of old or damaged red blood cells and...
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Primary Lymphoid Organs01:16

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Primary lymphoid organs are pivotal in the formation, development, and maturation of lymphocytes, the white blood cells that serve as the backbone of our immune system. This crucial function underscores their fundamental role in maintaining our overall health and immunity. The two primary lymphoid organs of prime importance are the red bone marrow and the thymus.
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Lymphoid Cells and Tissues01:18

Lymphoid Cells and Tissues

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Lymphoid cells and tissues are integral to the immune system, which is crucial in maintaining our body's defense against harmful pathogens. They form the building blocks of lymphoid organs, which include the spleen, thymus, and lymph nodes.
Lymphoid cells consist of various types of immune system cells. These include B and T lymphocytes, which are responsible for producing antibodies and killing infected cells, respectively. Dendritic cells act as messengers between the innate and adaptive...
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Multipotency and Niche of Bulge Stem Cell01:06

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A hair follicle or HF is a small part of the skin that produces the hair shaft. Paul Gerson Unna was the first to observe a bulge in the human hair follicle's outer root sheath (ORS). The bulge is present between the sebaceous gland and the arrector pili muscle and is the niche for hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs). The bulge is also a niche for melanocyte stem cells, and their loss results in graying of hair. The HFSCs express Sox9 and Lhx2, which help them maintain stemness and prevent...
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Updated: Mar 3, 2026

Tumor Engraftment in a Xenograft Mouse Model of Human Mantle Cell Lymphoma
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Hairy Cell Lymphoma: A Potentially Under-Recognized Entity.

William A Hammond1, Abhisek Swaika1, David Menke2

  • 1Division of Hematology/Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA.

Rare Tumors
|May 2, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) rarely presents as extra-nodal lymphomas without typical signs. This case highlights diagnostic challenges in rare HCL presentations.

Keywords:
B-cell lymphoproliferative disorderLymphomacytopeniasdiffuse bone marrow infiltrationsplenomegaly

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Oncology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is a rare B-cell lymphoproliferative neoplasm.
  • Typical HCL presentation involves splenomegaly, cytopenias, and bone marrow infiltration.

Observation:

  • Few documented cases of HCL mimic lymphomas in extra-nodal sites.
  • These rare presentations often lack circulating leukemic cells or typical HCL markers.

Findings:

  • This study details a unique HCL case presenting as a thoracic mass.
  • The patient did not exhibit splenomegaly or bone marrow involvement.

Implications:

  • Recognizing atypical HCL presentations is crucial for accurate diagnosis.
  • Management strategies for rare extra-nodal HCL require careful consideration.