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α-pyrones: Small molecules with versatile structural diversity reflected in multiple pharmacological activities-an
Zubair Shanib Bhat1, Muzafar Ahmad Rather2, Mubashir Maqbool2
1Clinical Microbiology and PK/PD Division, Council of scientific and industrial research (CSIR) -Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (IIIM), Sanatnagar, Srinagar, 190005, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Sanatnagar Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 190005, India.
2-Pyrones are versatile compounds with significant therapeutic potential. This review highlights their diverse pharmacological activities, including anti-cancer and anti-HIV properties, offering promise for new drug development.
Area of Science:
- Medicinal Chemistry
- Organic Chemistry
- Pharmacology
Background:
- 2-Pyrone (α-pyrone) is a crucial pharmacophore in natural and synthetic bioactive agents.
- It serves as a biorenewable platform chemical for various products and intermediates.
- Substitution patterns on the 2-pyrone ring significantly influence biological activities.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide an overview of the 2-pyrone pharmacophore.
- To highlight the pharmacological properties and applications of 2-pyrones.
- To focus on the chemotherapeutic potential of 2-pyrones.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of original reports published in the last two decades.
- Analysis of 2-pyrone's role as a pharmacophore.
- Compilation of documented pharmacological activities.
Main Results:
- 2-Pyrones exhibit diverse biological activities, including anti-HIV, anti-TB, and anti-cancer properties.
- Potential applications include treatment for neurodegeneration, hypercholesterolemia, microbial infections, and inflammation.
- Detailed pharmacological activities have been documented since 2005.
Conclusions:
- 2-Pyrone is a versatile scaffold with broad therapeutic potential.
- Further research into 2-pyrones may lead to the development of novel drug candidates.
- This review aims to stimulate future research in this promising area.
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