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Related Concept Videos

Porosity in Cement Paste01:18

Porosity in Cement Paste

509
The porosity of concrete is a measure of the void spaces within its structure. These spaces impact its strength and durability significantly. When water and cement interact, a chemical reaction called hydration creates a semi-solid paste. This paste includes combined water, making up approximately 23% of the cement's dry mass, and gel water, which fills minuscule voids known as gel pores, accounting for about 28% of the cement gel volume.
The balance of water to cement in the mix is...
509
Microcracking in Concrete01:20

Microcracking in Concrete

516
Microcracking in concrete refers to the tiny cracks that can form within the material even before any external load is applied. These microcracks typically occur at the interface between the coarse aggregate and the hydrated cement paste, often as a result of differential volume changes prompted by variations in stress-strain behavior, as well as thermal and moisture movement. Initially, these microcracks remain stable and do not grow substantially until the concrete is stressed to about 30...
516
Total Voids in Concrete01:12

Total Voids in Concrete

535
Total voids in concrete encompass gel water volume, capillary pores, and entrapped air. Gel water (retained within the cement hydration products) and physically entrapped or adsorbed water are significant for the hydration process. For complete hydration, it's estimated that the space needed for the products of a cubic centimeter of cement doubles. Capillary pores constitute the unoccupied space within the hydrated cement paste, with their size largely influenced by the water-to-cement...
535
Posttensioned Masonry Walls01:15

Posttensioned Masonry Walls

534

Post-tensioned masonry walls use high-strength steel rods or flexible tendons to enhance the strength and efficiency of masonry structures. These elements are securely anchored to the foundation and extend vertically either within the cores of the masonry units or between the masonry wythes. The construction process involves building the wall with these tensioning elements in place and allowing the mortar to fully cure.
Following the curing process, the tensioning begins. Steel rods are...
534
Fineness of Cement01:15

Fineness of Cement

591
The fineness of cement directly influences the rate of hydration, as the hydration begins at the surface of the cement particles. In addition to hydration, the fineness of cement is vital for various properties of concrete including workability, gypsum requirement, and long-term behavior. The fineness of cement is represented in terms of the specific surface of cement which is typically measured in square meters per kilogram, with several methods available for this determination.
Direct...
591
Non-destructive Tests for Concrete Strength01:12

Non-destructive Tests for Concrete Strength

686
The rebound hammer test, also known as the Schmidt hammer test, is a non-destructive technique for evaluating the hardness of concrete and, indirectly, the strength of concrete. It operates on the principle that the rebound of a spring-driven mass from a concrete surface correlates to the surface's hardness. The device comprises a mass within a tubular housing, a spring mechanism, and a plunger that strikes the concrete. Upon release, the energy imparted to the mass by the spring causes it...
686

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In situ Compressive Loading and Correlative Noninvasive Imaging of the Bone-periodontal Ligament-tooth Fibrous Joint
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Void and gap evaluation using microcomputed tomography of different fiber post cementation techniques.

Eduardo A Caceres1, Camila S Sampaio2, Pablo J Atria3

  • 1Instructor Professor, Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Dentistry, Andrés Bello National University, Viña del Mar, Chile; and Postgraduate student, Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY.

The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry
|May 3, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Relining fiber posts with composite resin reduced voids during cementation without ultrasound. Ultrasonic devices did not impact void or gap formation in any tested fiber post cementation technique.

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Area of Science:

  • Dental Materials Science
  • Endodontics
  • Biomaterials Engineering

Background:

  • Investigating voids and gaps in fiber post cementation is crucial for long-term restoration success.
  • Limited research exists on the impact of various cementation techniques on internal voids and gaps.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantitatively assess void and gap formation using different fiber post cementation methods.
  • To compare the efficacy of composite resin relining and ultrasonic activation in minimizing cementation defects.

Main Methods:

  • Four cementation techniques were evaluated on 24 acrylic resin roots using micro-computed tomography (μCT).
  • Techniques included standard cementation, relined posts, ultrasonic-assisted cementation, and combined relining and ultrasonic methods.
  • Void volume and gap areas were analyzed using 3D reconstruction software.

Main Results:

  • Relining fiber posts with composite resin significantly reduced void percentage compared to standard cementation (P<.05).
  • No significant differences in void formation were observed between standard, ultrasonic-assisted, and combined techniques.
  • No significant differences in gap area formation were found among any of the tested groups.

Conclusions:

  • Composite resin relining effectively decreases voids in fiber post cementation when ultrasonic devices are not employed.
  • Ultrasonic activation showed no benefit in reducing voids or gaps for any of the evaluated cementation techniques.