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Predictive Associations of Music, Anxiety, and Sedative Exposure on Mechanical Ventilation Weaning Trials
Breanna Hetland1, Ruth Lindquist2, Craig R Weinert2
1Breanna Hetland is a postdoctoral fellow, Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio. Ruth Lindquist is a professor, Cynthia Peden-McAlpine is an associate professor, and Kay Savik is senior statistician, School of Nursing, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota. Craig R. Weinert is an associate professor, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota. Linda Chlan is associate dean for nursing research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota. bdh66@case.edu.
Background:
Weaning from mechanical ventilation requires increased respiratory effort, which can heighten anxiety and later prolong the need for mechanical ventilation.
Objectives:
To examine the predictive associations of music intervention, anxiety, sedative exposure, and patients' characteristics on time to initiation and duration of weaning trials of patients receiving mechanical ventilation.
Methods:
A descriptive, correlational design was used for a secondary analysis of data from a randomized trial. Music listening was defined as self-initiated, patient-directed music via headphones. Anxiety was measured daily with a visual analog scale. Sedative exposure was operationalized as a daily sedation intensity score and a sedative dose frequency. Analyses consisted of descriptive statistics, graphing, survival analysis, Cox proportional hazards regression, and linear regression.
Results:
Of 307 patients, 52% were women and 86% were white. Mean age was 59.3 (SD, 14.4) years, mean Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation III score was 62.9 (SD, 21.6), mean duration of ventilatory support was 8 (range, 1-52) days, and mean stay in the intensive care unit was 18 (range, 2-71) days. Music listening, anxiety levels, and sedative exposure did not influence time to initial weaning trial or duration of trials. Clinical factors of illness severity, days of weaning trials, and tracheostomy placement influenced weaning patterns in this sample.
Conclusions:
Prospective studies of music intervention and other psychophysiological factors during weaning from mechanical ventilation are needed to better understand factors that promote successful weaning.
