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Cryo-electron Microscopy

Cryo-electron Microscopy

Conventional electron microscopy (EM) involves dehydration, fixation, and staining of biological samples, which distorts the native state of biological molecules and results in several artifacts. Also, the high-energy electron beam damages the sample and makes it difficult to obtain high-resolution images. These issues can be addressed using cryo-EM, which uses frozen samples and gentler electron beams. The technique was developed by Jacques Dubochet, Joachim Frank, and Richard Henderson, for...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 3, 2026

Fertility Preservation Through Oocyte Vitrification: Clinical and Laboratory Perspectives

Fertility Preservation Through Oocyte Vitrification: Clinical and Laboratory Perspectives

Published on: September 16, 2021

Cryopreservation and its clinical applications.

Tae Hoon Jang¹, Sung Choel Park¹, Ji Hyun Yang¹

¹College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan, Korea.

Integrative Medicine Research

|May 3, 2017

Summary

Cryopreservation successfully preserves biological samples like stem cells using cryoprotective agents and controlled cooling. Understanding freezing and thawing is key to preventing cell death and enabling clinical applications.

Keywords:

cryoinjury cryopreservation cryoprotective agent slow freezing vitrification

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Last Updated: Mar 3, 2026

Fertility Preservation Through Oocyte Vitrification: Clinical and Laboratory Perspectives

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Published on: September 16, 2021

Cryopreservation of Preimplantation Embryos of Cattle, Sheep, and Goats

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Published on: August 5, 2011

Collection and Cryopreservation of Hamster Oocytes and Mouse Embryos

Collection and Cryopreservation of Hamster Oocytes and Mouse Embryos

Published on: March 27, 2009

Area of Science:

Cryobiology
Cellular Biology
Biotechnology

Background:

Cryopreservation is vital for preserving biological samples like cells and tissues.
Ice crystal formation, osmotic shock, and membrane damage limit long-term storage via simple freezing.
Stem cells and viable tissues require advanced preservation for research and medical use.

Purpose of the Study:

To review cryopreservation processes and their impact on cell viability.
To highlight the importance of understanding physical and chemical changes during cryopreservation.
To discuss cryoprotective agents and adverse effects.

Main Methods:

Review of scientific literature on cryopreservation techniques.
Discussion of slow freezing and vitrification methods.
Examination of cryoprotective agents and their roles.

Main Results:

Successful cryopreservation rates are increasing with improved techniques.
Cryoprotective agents and precise temperature control enhance cell survival.
Understanding the physics and chemistry of freezing/thawing is crucial.

Conclusions:

Advanced cryopreservation methods are essential for preserving cellular and tissue viability.
Continued research into cryopreservation is necessary for clinical applications.
Mitigating adverse effects is key to successful long-term biological sample storage.