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Embodying a New Meaning of Being At Risk: Living With an Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator for Arrhythmogenic
1Memorial University, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada.
Insights
Living with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) for Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy/Dysplasia (ARVC/D) requires accepting the device, understanding its function, and integrating it into one's personal risk narrative. Effective coping involves support systems and managing daily life challenges.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Genetics
- Psychology
Background:
- Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy/Dysplasia (ARVC/D) is a genetic heart condition associated with life-threatening arrhythmias.
- Implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) are a critical treatment for patients with ARVC/D, aiming to prevent sudden cardiac death.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the lived experiences of individuals with ARVC/D who have an ICD.
- To identify factors influencing psychosocial adjustment and coping mechanisms in this patient population.
Main Methods:
- Grounded theory approach.
- Qualitative study involving in-depth interviews with 15 individuals diagnosed with ARVC/D and fitted with an ICD.
Main Results:
- Successful coping with an ICD is linked to device acceptance, functional understanding, social support, and daily life management.
- Patients need to reframe their understanding of personal risk and how the ICD impacts their life narrative.
- Psychosocial distress may stem more from the ICD itself than the underlying ARVC/D condition.
Conclusions:
- Healthcare providers, particularly nurses, require specialized training to support the unique psychosocial needs of ARVC/D patients with ICDs.
- Further research is needed to understand the specific factors contributing to distress in this population.
- Interventions should focus on enhancing patient understanding, acceptance, and integration of the ICD into their lives.
Abstract:
Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy/Dysplasia (ARVC/D) is a genetic condition that can cause fatal arrhythmias. The implantable cardioverter defibrillation (ICD) is a primary treatment for ARVC/D. Using a grounded theory approach, this study examines the experiences of 15 individuals living with an ICD. The ability to cope with and adjust to having an ICD is influenced by the acceptance of the ICD as something needed to survive, an understanding of the ICD's function, existing support networks, and ones' ability to manage everyday challenges. Coping well requires reshaping ideas about the meaning of being at risk and understanding how the ICD fits into that changing personal risk narrative. A thorough understanding of the unique needs of individuals with ARVC/D and of the specific factors contributing to the psychosocial distress related to having an ICD (vs. having the disease itself) is needed. Nurses must be prepared to provide ongoing support and education to this population.
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