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Polymorphonuclear leucocyte dysfunction during short term metabolic changes from normo- to hyperglycemia in type 1

H Kjersem1, J Hilsted, S Madsbad

  • 1Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Infection
|July 1, 1988
PubMed

Insights

Short-term hyperglycemia impairs polymorphonuclear leucocyte (PMN) particle uptake in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). This reduced function occurs within typical diabetic blood glucose ranges, affecting immune cell response.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Endocrinology
  • Diabetology

Background:

  • Polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNs) are crucial immune cells.
  • Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with altered immune function.
  • Metabolic control significantly impacts diabetic complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of short-term hyperglycemia on PMN functions in IDDM patients.
  • To compare PMN particle uptake, motility, and metabolism under varying glycemic conditions.
  • To determine if typical hyperglycemic ranges affect PMN function.

Main Methods:

  • Studied seven IDDM patients undergoing controlled metabolic changes from normoglycemia to hyperglycemia.
  • Excluded factors known to interfere with PMN function.
  • Assessed PMN ingestion of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-coated particles, PMN motility, and PMN metabolism.

Main Results:

  • PMN ingestion of LPS-coated particles was reduced during hyperglycemia compared to normoglycemia.
  • PMN motility was impaired in IDDM patients but unaffected by short-term glycemic changes.
  • PMN metabolism remained unchanged from normoglycemia to hyperglycemia.

Conclusions:

  • Particle uptake by diabetic PMNs is impaired by short-term hyperglycemia within typical diabetic ranges.
  • These findings suggest a direct impact of hyperglycemia on phagocytic function in IDDM.
  • Impaired PMN function may contribute to increased infection risk in diabetics.

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