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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Cognitive impairment is a core feature across the psychosis spectrum, impacting functional outcomes.
  • The neurobiological underpinnings of shared cognitive deficits in psychotic disorders remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if the general cognitive deficit in psychotic disorders is associated with the functional integrity of specific brain networks.
  • To examine the cingulo-opercular network (CON) and frontoparietal network's role in cognitive function across psychotic disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from 375 patients with psychotic disorders and 201 healthy controls from the Bipolar-Schizophrenia Network on Intermediate Phenotypes (B-SNIP) consortium.
  • Assessed general cognitive ability using the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (BACS).
  • Measured functional network integrity using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI), focusing on global and local efficiency of the CON and other networks.

Main Results:

  • Patients with schizophrenia and psychotic bipolar disorder showed significantly reduced global and local efficiency of the cingulo-opercular network (CON) compared to healthy controls.
  • Reduced CON global efficiency was significantly associated with general cognitive ability across all participants.
  • CON global efficiency mediated the relationship between psychotic disorder status and general cognition, indicating its role in cognitive deficits.

Conclusions:

  • Reduced cingulo-opercular network (CON) and subcortical network efficiency are implicated in the general cognitive deficits observed across the psychosis spectrum.
  • These findings support the dimensional hypothesis, suggesting shared neurobiological mechanisms underlie cognitive impairment in psychotic disorders.