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Suicidality in Autistic Spectrum Disorders.

Sofia Zahid1, Rachel Upthegrove2,3

  • 11 School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.

Crisis
|May 5, 2017
PubMed
Summary
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Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) show increased rates of suicidal ideation and attempts. However, specific risk factors and protective elements require further investigation in this population.

Area of Science:

  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders
  • Psychiatry
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) is associated with potential increased suicide risk.
  • Existing research on suicidality in ASD is limited and presents conflicting findings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize current research on the prevalence of suicidality in ASD.
  • To identify risk and comorbid factors associated with suicidality in autistic individuals.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search conducted across major databases (Medline, Psych Info, Embase, Web of Science).
  • PRISMA guidelines followed for study selection and screening.
  • Final analysis included 12 studies with a total of 2,651 participants.
Keywords:
Asperger's syndromeautism spectrum disorderspervasive developmental disorders not otherwise specifiedsuicidal behaviorsuicide

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Main Results:

  • Suicide attempt prevalence ranged from 7% to 47% among individuals with ASD.
  • Suicidal ideation was reported in up to 72% of cases.
  • Male gender, history of self-harm, and depression were identified as significant risk factors.

Conclusions:

  • Suicidality, including ideation and attempts, is elevated in the ASD population.
  • The precise extent of this increase and associated risk factors remain under-researched.
  • Further longitudinal studies are needed to explore the ASD-suicidality correlation and protective factors.