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Assessment of Stress Effects on Cognitive Flexibility using an Operant Strategy Shifting Paradigm
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Shift Work and Cognitive Flexibility: Decomposing Task Performance.

Philip Cheng1, Gabriel Tallent1, Thomas John Bender2

  • 1Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan.

Journal of Biological Rhythms
|May 5, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Shift work disrupts cognitive flexibility through circadian misalignment, insomnia, and sleepiness. These factors uniquely impact task switching and inhibition, affecting occupational performance and accuracy.

Keywords:
attentioncircadian misalignmentcognitive flexibilityinsomniashift worksleepinesstask switching

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational Health
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Sleep Medicine

Background:

  • Shift work is prevalent and associated with cognitive deficits impacting job performance.
  • Understanding the specific mechanisms linking shift work components to cognitive function is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between circadian phase, nocturnal sleepiness, and daytime insomnia with cognitive flexibility in night shift workers.
  • To differentiate the impact of these factors on specific cognitive flexibility components: switch cost and set inhibition.

Main Methods:

  • Observational study with 30 shift workers.
  • Assessed circadian phase (melatonin assays), nocturnal sleepiness (Multiple Sleep Latency Test), and daytime insomnia (Insomnia Severity Index).
  • Measured cognitive flexibility using a task-switching paradigm.

Main Results:

  • Earlier circadian phase, insomnia, and sleepiness were linked to reduced cognitive flexibility.
  • Earlier circadian phase correlated with higher switch costs and reduced task efficiency.
  • Daytime insomnia was associated with impaired cognitive inhibition (set inhibition deficits).
  • Nocturnal sleepiness related to difficulties in reactivating previous tasks.
  • Set inhibition deficits led to decreased accuracy and increased perseverative errors.

Conclusions:

  • Cognitive deficits in shift work are complex, influenced by multiple, distinct mechanisms.
  • Fatigue risk management could be improved by more specific assessments of sleep, sleepiness, and circadian rhythms.