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Updated: Mar 3, 2026
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Published on: October 6, 2016
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Interaction Effects between HIV and Aging on Selective Neurocognitive Impairment
Yingying Ding1,2, Haijiang Lin1,3, Weiwei Shen3
1Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
Summary
Older adults with HIV experience greater neurocognitive impairment (NCI) due to combined effects of aging and infection. Early HIV diagnosis and treatment may prevent NCI, but long-term treatment side effects require attention.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Gerontology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- HIV infection and aging are independent risk factors for neurocognitive impairment (NCI).
- Understanding the combined impact of HIV and aging on cognition is crucial for this growing population.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the synergistic effects of HIV infection and aging on neurocognitive function.
- To identify factors associated with NCI in HIV-infected older adults.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional survey of 345 HIV-infected and 345 HIV-uninfected adults aged 40+.
- Neurocognitive screening using the International HIV Dementia Scale (IHDS) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE).
Main Results:
- HIV-infected individuals showed significantly higher NCI prevalence (IHDS: 46.7% vs 15.1%; MMSE: 17.1% vs 2.6%).
- Significant main effects of HIV and age on cognitive domains were observed.
- Interaction effects were noted, particularly in older HIV-infected adults (>60 years), impacting motor speed, orientation, registration, and recall.
Conclusions:
- HIV and advanced age interact to exacerbate neurocognitive impairment, especially in older HIV-infected individuals.
- Older age, depressive symptoms, and nevirapine treatment history are linked to NCI in HIV-infected individuals.
- Early HIV diagnosis and treatment are vital, with attention to potential long-term treatment side effects.
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