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Related Concept Videos

The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

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Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
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Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 3, 2026

Continuous Fluorescence-Based Endonuclease-Coupled DNA Methylation Assay to Screen for DNA Methyltransferase Inhibitors
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DNA methylation in the tumor microenvironment.

Meng-Wen Zhang1,2,3,4, Kenji Fujiwara3,4, Xu Che3,4

  • 1The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China.

Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B
|May 5, 2017
PubMed
Summary

DNA methylation in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) influences the tumor microenvironment (TME). Targeting DNA methylation may offer new cancer treatment strategies by modulating stromal cell interactions.

Keywords:
Tumor microenvironment (TME); DNA methylation; Cancer-associated fibroblasts; Cancer-associated immune cells; Epigenetic therapy

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Epigenetics
  • Cancer Biology

Background:

  • The tumor microenvironment (TME) is crucial for cancer progression.
  • It comprises tumor cells, stromal cells, and the extracellular matrix (ECM).
  • Interactions within the TME significantly contribute to tumorigenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize recent findings on DNA methylation's role in regulating tumor-associated stromal components.
  • To discuss how DNA methylation impacts fibroblasts and immune cells within the TME.
  • To explore the therapeutic potential of targeting DNA methylation in cancer treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent scientific literature on DNA methylation and the TME.
  • Analysis of studies investigating epigenetic modifications in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs).
  • Examination of research on DNA methylation's effects on stromal cell function and tumor growth.

Main Results:

  • Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells can induce DNA methylation in CAFs.
  • This epigenetic modification alters tumor-stromal interactions, promoting a pro-tumorigenic TME.
  • DNA methylation influences the behavior of both fibroblasts and immune cells within the TME.

Conclusions:

  • DNA methylation is a key regulator of the tumor microenvironment.
  • Targeting DNA methylation pathways presents a promising avenue for novel cancer therapies.
  • Understanding these epigenetic mechanisms can lead to improved treatment strategies for various cancers.