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Causality Assessment of Serious Neurologic Adverse Events Following bOPV National Vaccination Campaign in Israel

Diana Tasher1,2,3, Eran Kopel4,5,6, Emilia Anis4,5,6,3

  • 1Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, Israel.

The Israel Medical Association Journal : IMAJ
|May 5, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Bivalent oral poliovirus vaccine (bOPV) use during a wild poliovirus type 1 outbreak in Israel did not show an increased risk of Guillain-Barré syndrome or acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. Analysis confirmed no causal link between bOPV and reported neurological events.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Vaccinology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Israel experienced wild poliovirus type 1 circulation in 2013-2014, leading to a bivalent oral poliovirus vaccine (bOPV) campaign for children under 10.
  • During the campaign, four neurological cases (three Guillain-Barré syndrome, one acute disseminated encephalomyelitis) were reported post-bOPV vaccination.

Observation:

  • Analysis of clinical, laboratory, and epidemiological data was conducted for the reported neurological cases.
  • Historical data on Guillain-Barré syndrome, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, acute flaccid paralysis, and Campylobacter jejuni enteritis incidence were reviewed.

Findings:

  • The incidence of Guillain-Barré syndrome was not higher in bOPV-vaccinated children compared to unvaccinated children.
  • The incubation period for reported neurological events was longer than typical, and alternative causes were identified.
  • No evidence supports a causal relationship between bOPV and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis.

Implications:

  • The study found no association between bOPV and the reported neurological manifestations.
  • This experience can guide public health professionals in managing alleged vaccine side effects during mass vaccination interventions.
Abstract

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