Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

REM Sleep Behavior Disorder01:15

REM Sleep Behavior Disorder

2.1K
REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD) is a sleep disorder characterized by the absence of muscle paralysis that normally occurs during the REM phase of sleep. This absence allows individuals to physically act out their dreams, which are often vivid and disturbing. Common behaviors exhibited during episodes include kicking, punching, and yelling. These actions can be dangerous, potentially leading to injuries for the person with RBD or their bed partner.
RBD is significantly associated with...
2.1K
Parkinson's Disease: Overview01:15

Parkinson's Disease: Overview

2.2K
Neurodegenerative disorders are progressive diseases that cause irreversible damage and loss to neurons in specific brain areas. Examples of these disorders include Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Multiple Sclerosis (MS), and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). These disorders share characteristics such as proteinopathies, selective neuronal vulnerability, and a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. The primary therapeutic goal for these conditions is...
2.2K
Narcolepsy01:07

Narcolepsy

644
Narcolepsy is a chronic sleep disorder characterized by pervasive, uncontrolled sleepiness and other sleep disturbances. One of its hallmark symptoms is an abrupt transition to REM sleep upon falling asleep, which causes symptoms typically associated with this phase to occur unexpectedly during wakefulness. These include the following symptoms, which typically last from a minute or two to half an hour.
644
Sleep-Wake Cycles01:24

Sleep-Wake Cycles

3.1K
Sleep is an essential physiological process vital to maintaining overall well-being. The reticular activating system (RAS), a network of neurons in the brainstem, regulates wakefulness and sleep. While it may seem passive, sleep consists of distinct cycles, each with its unique characteristics and functions. Two key sleep phases are non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and  rapid eye movement (REM).
NREM Sleep
NREM sleep comprises four progressive stages that seamlessly merge:
3.1K
Parkinson's Disease: Treatment01:24

Parkinson's Disease: Treatment

1.3K
Neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's Disease (PD), involve the gradual and irreversible destruction of neurons in particular brain areas. These disorders exhibit standard features like proteinopathies, selective vulnerability of some neurons, and an interaction of intrinsic properties, genetics, and environmental influences in neural injury.
Parkinson's Disease is primarily a result of the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. The cornerstone of...
1.3K
Restless Leg Syndrome and Night Terrors01:27

Restless Leg Syndrome and Night Terrors

663
Restless Leg Syndrome (RLS), also known as Willis-Ekbom disease, is a neurological disorder characterized by an uncontrollable urge to move the legs due to uncomfortable sensations. These sensations typically occur during periods of rest or inactivity, particularly when lying down or sitting, and can severely disrupt sleep.
The exact cause of RLS is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve dopamine, a neurotransmitter that helps regulate muscle movement. Imbalances in dopamine levels...
663

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Identifying and predicting fast versus slow Parkinson's disease motor progressors using clinical and digital data.

BMJ neurology open·2026
Same author

Dopamine replacement therapy modulates DDC, prolactin and AOC3 levels in Parkinson's disease.

NPJ Parkinson's disease·2026
Same author

Variable mitochondrial phenotypes and reduced complex IV assembly factor SCO2 in LRRK2-G2019S fibroblasts.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Neurovascular compression from a tortuous vertebrobasilar system. Technical note on surgical anatomy and cisternal microdissection.

Acta neurochirurgica·2026
Same author

Corrigendum to "Slower rates of prism adaptation but intact aftereffects in patients with early to mid-stage Parkinson's disease" [Neuropsychologia, 189, (2023) Epub 2023: 108681].

Neuropsychologia·2026
Same author

Genetic associations between post-traumatic stress disorder and REM-sleep behavior disorder.

NPJ Parkinson's disease·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 3, 2026

Dynamic Digital Biomarkers of Motor and Cognitive Function in Parkinson's Disease
10:28

Dynamic Digital Biomarkers of Motor and Cognitive Function in Parkinson's Disease

Published on: July 24, 2019

16.4K

Prodromal Parkinsonism and Neurodegenerative Risk Stratification in REM Sleep Behavior Disorder.

Thomas R Barber1,2, Michael Lawton3, Michal Rolinski1,2,4

  • 1Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre (OPDC), University of Oxford, UK.

Sleep
|May 5, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) indicates early Parkinson's disease (PD) and shows significant clinical impairments. Risk stratification can identify individuals for early neuroprotective interventions.

Keywords:
NeurodegenerationParkinson’s DiseaseProdromalRBD

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Overcoming Challenges in Drosophila Sleep Measurement Using DAM System
05:59

Author Spotlight: Overcoming Challenges in Drosophila Sleep Measurement Using DAM System

Published on: October 20, 2023

3.2K
A Chronic Sleep Fragmentation Model using Vibrating Orbital Rotor to Induce Cognitive Deficit and Anxiety-Like Behavior in Young Wild-Type Mice
06:23

A Chronic Sleep Fragmentation Model using Vibrating Orbital Rotor to Induce Cognitive Deficit and Anxiety-Like Behavior in Young Wild-Type Mice

Published on: September 22, 2020

6.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 3, 2026

Dynamic Digital Biomarkers of Motor and Cognitive Function in Parkinson's Disease
10:28

Dynamic Digital Biomarkers of Motor and Cognitive Function in Parkinson's Disease

Published on: July 24, 2019

16.4K
Author Spotlight: Overcoming Challenges in Drosophila Sleep Measurement Using DAM System
05:59

Author Spotlight: Overcoming Challenges in Drosophila Sleep Measurement Using DAM System

Published on: October 20, 2023

3.2K
A Chronic Sleep Fragmentation Model using Vibrating Orbital Rotor to Induce Cognitive Deficit and Anxiety-Like Behavior in Young Wild-Type Mice
06:23

A Chronic Sleep Fragmentation Model using Vibrating Orbital Rotor to Induce Cognitive Deficit and Anxiety-Like Behavior in Young Wild-Type Mice

Published on: September 22, 2020

6.2K

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Neurodegenerative Diseases

Background:

  • Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is a key early indicator of alpha-synucleinopathies.
  • Understanding the baseline clinical profile of RBD is crucial for identifying prodromal Parkinson's disease (PD).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the clinical features of RBD patients.
  • To evaluate risk stratification models for predicting neurodegeneration in RBD.
  • To assess the prevalence of prodromal PD criteria in RBD patients.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical assessments in 171 RBD, 296 control, and 119 untreated PD participants.
  • Evaluation of risk factors and application of Movement Disorders Society (MDS) criteria for prodromal PD.
  • Screening for LRRK2 and GBA gene mutations.

Main Results:

  • RBD patients exhibited higher rates of solvent exposure, head injury, smoking, obesity, and antidepressant use compared to controls.
  • RBD participants showed significant impairments in motor function, olfaction, cognition, quality of life, and autonomic function, comparable to PD patients.
  • 74% of RBD participants met criteria for probable prodromal PD, versus 0.3% of controls.

Conclusions:

  • RBD is associated with widespread clinical impairments consistent with prodromal PD, suggesting a severe nonmotor subtype.
  • Clinical risk stratification models can identify high-risk individuals for targeted neuroprotective therapies.