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Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome(PRES).

Sreenivasa Rao Sudulagunta1, Mahesh Babu Sodalagunta2, Monica Kumbhat3

  • 1Columbia Asia Hospital, Kirloskar Business Park, Hebbal, Bangalore, India.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a brain condition often seen after massive blood transfusions. Early diagnosis and treatment are key to recovery and preventing complications.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a neurological condition characterized by headache, seizures, altered mental status, and visual loss.
  • It is defined by vasogenic edema in the white matter, predominantly affecting the posterior brain regions.

Observation:

  • A 35-year-old female presented with seizures, urinary incontinence, and altered sensorium three hours after an unsafe abortion and massive blood transfusion.
  • Brain MRI revealed T2/FLAIR hyperintensities in the bilateral occipital, parietal, and frontal cortex and subcortical white matter, consistent with PRES.

Findings:

  • The patient's condition improved with intravenous fluids, antibiotics, antiepileptics, and blood pressure monitoring.
  • PRES, particularly following massive blood transfusions, requires prompt recognition and management.

Implications:

  • Early diagnosis and treatment of PRES can significantly reduce morbidity and mortality.
  • This case highlights the importance of considering PRES in patients with neurological symptoms after massive blood transfusions.