Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Hindsight Biases01:12

Hindsight Biases

4.5K
Hindsight bias leads you to believe that the event you just experienced was predictable, even though it really wasn’t. In other words, you knew all along that things would turn out the way they did. Can you relate this to the phrase "Hindsight is 20/20" now? 
4.5K
Actor-Observer Effect01:23

Actor-Observer Effect

459
The actor-observer effect, a cognitive bias closely linked to the fundamental attribution error, refers to the tendency for individuals to attribute their behavior to external, situational factors while explaining others’ behavior in terms of internal, dispositional traits. This asymmetry in attribution significantly influences social perception and judgment.Cognitive Mechanisms Behind the EffectTwo primary psychological mechanisms contribute to the actor-observer effect: differences in...
459
Introspection01:29

Introspection

380
Introspection, long upheld as a reliable route to self-knowledge, involves examining one's thoughts, emotions, and mental processes. It underpins many psychological practices, from mindfulness meditation to psychotherapy and self-help strategies. However, empirical evidence challenges the accuracy of introspection as a means of understanding oneself.Limitations of Introspective InsightSeminal work by Nisbett and Wilson demonstrated that individuals are frequently unaware of the true causes...
380
First Impression01:09

First Impression

283
First impressions play a crucial role in social perception, shaping how individuals assess others in professional, academic, and interpersonal contexts. Psychological research highlights the significance of cognitive biases, such as the primacy and recency effects, which influence how people interpret and recall information.The Primacy Effect and Cognitive AnchoringThe primacy effect describes the tendency for initial information to impact judgment disproportionately. When individuals encounter...
283
Eyewitness Memory01:22

Eyewitness Memory

538
Eyewitness memory refers to the recollection of events by someone who has directly witnessed them, often serving as critical evidence in legal settings. This type of memory is commonly used in criminal cases where a witness describes details like a suspect's appearance, clothing, or behavior during a crime. However, despite its perceived reliability, eyewitness memory is prone to significant errors.
One such error is memory distortion, which occurs because human memory does not function...
538
Cognitivism01:17

Cognitivism

3.2K
Cognitive psychology emerged as a significant field in the mid-20th century. It focused on understanding humans' internal mental processes. This approach emphasizes how people perceive, remember, think, and solve problems—elements critical to human cognition.
Previously dominated by behaviorism, which prioritized observable behaviors and largely ignored mental processes, psychology transformed in the 1950s. Cognitive psychologists argue that understanding how we think and process...
3.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Investigating the replicability of the social and behavioural sciences.

Nature·2026
Same author

Do people forget your name? Your face might be the problem: The effect of cue memorability on recall of associations.

Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition·2026
Same author

Multi-region investigation of 'man' as default in attitudes.

PloS one·2025
Same author

The cost of saving: How photos and screenshots impair memory.

Memory & cognition·2025
Same author

The disconnect between metamemory and memory for emotional images.

Cognition & emotion·2024
Same author

Correction to: 'Raising the value of research studies in psychological science by increasing the credibility of research reports: The Transparent Psi Project' (2023) by Kekecs <i>et al.</i>

Royal Society open science·2023

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 3, 2026

Brain Imaging Investigation of the Neural Correlates of Emotional Autobiographical Recollection
11:30

Brain Imaging Investigation of the Neural Correlates of Emotional Autobiographical Recollection

Published on: August 26, 2011

10.4K

Revelation effects in remembering, forecasting, and perspective taking.

Deanne L Westerman1, Jeremy K Miller2, Marianne E Lloyd3

  • 1Department of Psychology, Binghamton University, State University of New York, Box 6000, Binghamton, NY, 13902-6000, USA. wester@binghamton.edu.

Memory & Cognition
|May 6, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The revelation effect enhances memory for past and future events, even when judged from others' perspectives. This effect is specific to episodic memory, not semantic judgments.

Keywords:
Autobiographical mnemoryForecastingRevelation effectSelf-projectionTheory of mind

More Related Videos

Eye Movement Monitoring of Memory
08:06

Eye Movement Monitoring of Memory

Published on: August 15, 2010

15.2K
Eye Tracking During Visually Situated Language Comprehension: Flexibility and Limitations in Uncovering Visual Context Effects
07:36

Eye Tracking During Visually Situated Language Comprehension: Flexibility and Limitations in Uncovering Visual Context Effects

Published on: November 30, 2018

16.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 3, 2026

Brain Imaging Investigation of the Neural Correlates of Emotional Autobiographical Recollection
11:30

Brain Imaging Investigation of the Neural Correlates of Emotional Autobiographical Recollection

Published on: August 26, 2011

10.4K
Eye Movement Monitoring of Memory
08:06

Eye Movement Monitoring of Memory

Published on: August 15, 2010

15.2K
Eye Tracking During Visually Situated Language Comprehension: Flexibility and Limitations in Uncovering Visual Context Effects
07:36

Eye Tracking During Visually Situated Language Comprehension: Flexibility and Limitations in Uncovering Visual Context Effects

Published on: November 30, 2018

16.5K

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Memory Research

Background:

  • The revelation effect is a documented phenomenon in episodic memory.
  • It describes how stimuli after a cognitive task are more likely to be recalled positively.
  • This effect has been observed in various memory tests, including autobiographical memory.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the revelation effect in judgments of past and future events.
  • To explore if these distinct judgments share decision-making biases, suggesting similar underlying processes.
  • To examine the revelation effect from others' perspectives.

Main Methods:

  • Six experiments were conducted with college-aged participants.
  • Participants rated life events for past occurrence or future likelihood after an anagram task.
  • Judgments were made from personal and others' perspectives, and for episodic vs. non-episodic (semantic) tasks.

Main Results:

  • The revelation effect was observed for both past and future event judgments.
  • This effect persisted when participants adopted others' perspectives.
  • No revelation effect was found for non-episodic (semantic) judgments about event commonality.

Conclusions:

  • The revelation effect influences judgments of past and future episodic events, regardless of perspective.
  • Similar cognitive processes may underlie remembering and future self-projection.
  • The findings highlight boundary conditions for the revelation effect, distinguishing episodic from semantic memory.