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Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in the Dorsal Skin of Hamsters: a Useful Model for the Screening of Antileishmanial Drugs
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[Case report: disseminated cutaneous leishmaniasis (LCD)].

Alexandra Mancheno-Valencia1, Julia Cabezas-Arteaga2, Ketty Sacoto-Aizaga3

  • 1Área de Cirugía Dermatológica, Hospital Dermatológico Gonzalo González, Quito, Ecuador.

Gaceta Medica De Mexico
|May 6, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis is an emerging disease presenting with widespread lesions. Early diagnosis by physicians is crucial, even in immunocompetent individuals, for effective leishmaniasis treatment.

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Parasitology

Background:

  • Leishmaniasis is a global health concern, classified by the WHO as uncontrolled and emerging.
  • Diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis (DCL) is a rare form, with limited documented cases in Ecuador since 1994.
  • DCL presents distinct clinical features compared to localized cutaneous leishmaniasis, including lesion characteristics and treatment response.

Observation:

  • A case of DCL in a 34-year-old woman is presented.
  • The patient exhibited disseminated nodular lesions, ulcers of varying sizes, erythematous borders, and scarring.
  • This presentation highlights the need for considering DCL in differential diagnoses.

Findings:

  • DCL is characterized by a high number of lesions and specific elementary lesion types (papular, acneform).
  • This form often shows a poor response to standard leishmaniasis treatments.
  • The case occurred in an immunocompetent host, emphasizing that DCL is not exclusive to immunocompromised individuals.

Implications:

  • Primary care physicians and specialists in endemic areas must consider DCL in their diagnostic workup.
  • Recognizing DCL's unique presentation is vital for timely and appropriate patient management.
  • Further research and documentation of DCL cases are needed to improve understanding and control strategies.