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Related Concept Videos

Mate Choice01:20

Mate Choice

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Mate choice—the decision about whom to mate with—is a type of natural selection, since animals must reproduce to pass down their genes. Mate choice is also called intersexual selection because the behavior occurs between the sexes.
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Natural Selection and Mating Preferences01:06

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The principle of natural selection posits that organisms better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce. This principle is closely intertwined with mating preferences, a key aspect of sexual selection, which evolutionary psychologists believe is driven by instincts to propagate one's genes. Such instincts significantly influence mating behaviors and preferences between genders.
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Natural selection influences the frequencies of particular alleles and phenotypes within populations in several different ways. Primarily, natural selection can be directional, stabilizing, or disruptive. Directional selection favors one extreme trait and shifts the population towards that phenotype while selecting against individuals displaying alternate traits. Stabilizing selection favors an intermediate trait with a narrow range of variation. Deviation from the optimal phenotype towards an...
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Frequency-dependent Selection01:21

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When the fitness of a trait is influenced by how common it is (i.e., its frequency) relative to different traits within a population, this is referred to as frequency-dependent selection. Frequency-dependent selection may occur between species or within a single species. This type of selection can either be positive—with more common phenotypes having higher fitness—or negative, with rarer phenotypes conferring increased fitness.
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When more than one gene is responsible for a given phenotype, the trait is considered polygenic. Human height is a polygenic trait. Studies have uncovered hundreds of loci that influence height, and there are believed to be many more. Due to the high number of genes involved, as well as environmental and nutritional factors, height varies significantly within a given population. The distribution of height forms a bell-shaped curve, with relatively few individuals in the population at the...
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Multivariate phenotypic selection on a complex sexual signal.

Jessie C Tanner1, Jessica L Ward2, Ruth G Shaw1

  • 1Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota, 55108.

Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution
|May 6, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Female Cope

Keywords:
Acoustic signalsanimal communicationgray treefrogselection analysissexual selectionsexual signalingstabilizing selection

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Area of Science:

  • Animal communication
  • Behavioral ecology
  • Evolutionary biology

Background:

  • Animal signals are complex, with multiple components influencing receiver decisions.
  • Multivariate approaches are needed to estimate selection on complex signals.
  • Few studies empirically assess phenotypic selection on complex signals, especially nonlinear selection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To measure sexual selection on the advertisement signal of Cope's gray tree frog (Hyla chrysoscelis).
  • To assess female preferences for five signal components using single- and two-stimulus assays.
  • To estimate linear, quadratic, and correlational selection gradients.

Main Methods:

  • Phonotaxis assays were used to measure female mating preferences.
  • Behavioral assays involved single-stimulus and two-stimulus paradigms.
  • Selection gradients were estimated from female response data.

Main Results:

  • Significant directional selection was found for call duration, call rate, pulse rate, and relative amplitude.
  • Stabilizing selection was observed for call duration and call rate.
  • Two-stimulus assays revealed nonlinear selection on all components except call duration, contrasting with single-stimulus results.

Conclusions:

  • The choice of behavioral assay paradigm can significantly alter conclusions about sexual selection on complex signals.
  • Understanding nonlinear selection requires careful consideration of experimental design in animal communication studies.