Use of fat transfer to treat a chronic, non-healing, post-radiation ulcer: a case study

Problematic wound healing and ulceration in radiation-damaged tissue is a surgical challenge. Clinical studies have shown that grafting fat tissue in an irradiated area can improve the quality of the skin and has regenerative effects. This case study describes how fat transfer led to the healing of a chronic ulcer resistant to other forms of treatment.

A 67-year-old lady with a chronic, non-healing ulcer in her leg had a squamous cell carcinoma excised, followed by radiotherapy. Despite multiple excisions, the ulcer continued to cause symptoms. Following an initial procedure in which fat was infiltrated around and under the ulcer, the patient underwent a wide local excision and split-thickness skin grafting. Histology demonstrated a post-radiation dermatitis ulcer with no evidence of malignancy. After a period of management with dressings showing a reduction in ulcer size, more fat was infiltrated around the lesion. Two months later, the ulcer had fully healed and has not recurred.

The use of adipose-derived stem cells to heal wounds in irradiated tissue has been the focus of research for some time. This case highlights the potential of adipose tissue to improve damaged skin. Its use could negate the need for complex surgical procedures.