Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle02:36

DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle

10.3K
In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...
10.3K
DNA Damage Can Stall the Cell Cycle02:36

DNA Damage Can Stall the Cell Cycle

3.3K
In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...
3.3K
Overview of DNA Repair02:25

Overview of DNA Repair

34.4K
In order to be passed through generations, genomic DNA must be undamaged and error-free. However, every day, DNA in a cell undergoes several thousand to a million damaging events by natural causes and external factors. Ionizing radiation such as UV rays, free radicals produced during cellular respiration, and hydrolytic damage from metabolic reactions can alter the structure of DNA. Damages caused include single-base alteration, base dimerization, chain breaks, and cross-linkage.
Chemically...
34.4K
Nucleotide Excision Repair01:38

Nucleotide Excision Repair

5.4K
DNA Distortion and Damage
Cells are regularly exposed to mutagens—factors in the environment that can damage DNA and generate mutations. UV radiation is one of the most common mutagens and is estimated to introduce a significant number of changes in DNA. These include bends or kinks in the structure, which can block DNA replication or transcription. If these errors are not fixed, the damage can cause mutations, which in turn can result in cancer or disease depending on which sequences are...
5.4K
Nucleotide Excision Repair01:08

Nucleotide Excision Repair

41.3K
Overview
41.3K
Mutations01:35

Mutations

44.9K
Mutations are changes in the sequence of DNA. These changes can occur spontaneously or they can be induced by exposure to environmental factors. Mutations can be characterized in a number of different ways: whether and how they alter the amino acid sequence of the protein, whether they occur over a small or large area of DNA, and whether they occur in somatic cells or germline cells.
Chromosomal Alterations Are Large-Scale Mutations
While point mutations are changes in a single nucleotide in...
44.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A phase I/II trial of Erlotinib in higher risk myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloid leukemia after azacitidine failure.

Leukemia research·2014
Same author

Restoration of CFTR function in patients with cystic fibrosis carrying the F508del-CFTR mutation.

Autophagy·2014
Same author

Cancer cell-autonomous contribution of type I interferon signaling to the efficacy of chemotherapy.

Nature medicine·2014
Same author

Entosis, a key player in cancer cell competition.

Cell research·2014
Same author

Cytokines reinstate NK cell-mediated cancer immunosurveillance.

The Journal of clinical investigation·2014
Same author

Cell biology. Metabolic control of cell death.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2014

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 3, 2026

Assessing Stem Cell DNA Integrity for Cardiac Cell Therapy
10:16

Assessing Stem Cell DNA Integrity for Cardiac Cell Therapy

Published on: January 25, 2019

8.3K

DNA Damage in Stem Cells.

Ilio Vitale1, Gwenola Manic2, Ruggero De Maria3

  • 1Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata," 00173 Rome, Italy; Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy.

Molecular Cell
|May 6, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Stem cells possess robust DNA damage response mechanisms, crucial for preventing genetic lesions. Understanding these pathways offers therapeutic potential for cancer and regenerative medicine.

Keywords:
DNA mismatch repairDNA synthesisautophagybase excision repairhomologous recombinationnon-homologous end joiningnucleotide excision repairp53reactive oxygen speciesregulated cell death translation

More Related Videos

Identifying DNA Mutations in Purified Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells
11:06

Identifying DNA Mutations in Purified Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells

Published on: February 24, 2014

13.6K
Measuring DNA Damage and Repair in Mouse Splenocytes After Chronic In Vivo Exposure to Very Low Doses of Beta- and Gamma-Radiation
11:24

Measuring DNA Damage and Repair in Mouse Splenocytes After Chronic In Vivo Exposure to Very Low Doses of Beta- and Gamma-Radiation

Published on: July 3, 2015

11.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 3, 2026

Assessing Stem Cell DNA Integrity for Cardiac Cell Therapy
10:16

Assessing Stem Cell DNA Integrity for Cardiac Cell Therapy

Published on: January 25, 2019

8.3K
Identifying DNA Mutations in Purified Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells
11:06

Identifying DNA Mutations in Purified Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells

Published on: February 24, 2014

13.6K
Measuring DNA Damage and Repair in Mouse Splenocytes After Chronic In Vivo Exposure to Very Low Doses of Beta- and Gamma-Radiation
11:24

Measuring DNA Damage and Repair in Mouse Splenocytes After Chronic In Vivo Exposure to Very Low Doses of Beta- and Gamma-Radiation

Published on: July 3, 2015

11.6K

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Embryonic and adult stem cells possess superior DNA damage response (DDR) capabilities.
  • This inherent ability prevents genetic lesion accumulation and propagation, vital for organismal health.
  • Inducible pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have DDR but genome stability can be compromised by origin cell mutations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the pathophysiological and therapeutic implications of stem cell DNA damage response pathways.
  • To highlight the role of DDR in maintaining genome stability across different stem cell types.
  • To explore the implications of DDR in cancer stem cells and their resistance to therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Review and discussion of existing literature on stem cell DNA damage response.
  • Analysis of molecular pathways involved in DNA repair, lesion prevention, and cell fate decisions in stem cells.
  • Comparative analysis of DDR in embryonic, adult, iPSCs, and cancer stem cells.

Main Results:

  • Stem cells exhibit efficient mechanisms for DNA damage prevention, repair, and avoidance of propagation.
  • Cancer stem cells display heightened tolerance to DNA damage, contributing to tumor evolution and therapeutic resistance.
  • The mutational history of the origin cell population can impact iPSC genome stability.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding stem cell DDR pathways is critical for their clinical applications, particularly in regenerative medicine.
  • Targeting DDR in cancer stem cells may offer novel therapeutic strategies to overcome chemo- and radiotherapy resistance.
  • Stem cell DDR mechanisms are fundamental to maintaining genomic integrity and organismal health.