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Addiction as a BAD, a Behavioral Allocation Disorder.

R J Lamb1, Brett C Ginsburg1

  • 1Departments of Psychiatry and Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, United States.

Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior
|May 7, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Addiction develops when habitual drug use is not constrained, leading to maladaptive behavior. Reversing addiction requires conscious effort to establish new, healthier habits over time.

Keywords:
AlcoholismChoiceDecision makingHabitsType I thinking

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychology
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Addiction is characterized by persistent drug use despite negative consequences.
  • Behavior is often driven by automatic habits rather than slow, deliberative decision-making processes.
  • Habits form through repeated reinforcement, leading to over-learned behaviors that occur rapidly in specific contexts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the nature of constraints that limit habitual drug use.
  • To explore how these constraints can fail, leading to addiction.
  • To discuss the reversal of addiction through the application of deliberative processes.

Main Methods:

  • This review synthesizes existing literature on habit formation, decision-making, and addiction.
  • It examines the role of environmental interactions in the development of addiction.
  • It discusses the mechanisms for reversing maladaptive behavior patterns.

Main Results:

  • Addiction is not solely due to abnormal learning but results from interactions between individuals and their environment over time.
  • Failures in constraints, rather than abnormal learning, contribute to addiction.
  • Addiction, termed Behavior Allocation Disorder (BAD), can be reversed.

Conclusions:

  • Reversing addiction involves replacing drug-seeking habits with new, adaptive behaviors through sustained deliberative processes.
  • Environmental changes can facilitate recovery, but often require significant personal effort.
  • Diminished relapse risk is associated with new adaptive habits becoming the most probable behaviors.