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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

2.1K
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Cancer Vaccines01:30

Cancer Vaccines

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Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
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Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 2, 2026

Paramyxoviruses for Tumor-targeted Immunomodulation: Design and Evaluation Ex Vivo
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Paramyxoviruses for Tumor-targeted Immunomodulation: Design and Evaluation Ex Vivo

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Next generation approaches for tumor vaccination.

Anand Patel1, Howard L Kaufman2, Mary L Disis3

  • 1Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.

Chinese Clinical Oncology
|May 10, 2017
PubMed
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Tumor vaccines show renewed promise in cancer immunotherapy by targeting tumor antigens and neoantigens. Combining personalized vaccines with T cell checkpoint inhibitors offers a new avenue for cancer treatment.

Keywords:
Antigencancerneoantigenoncolytic virusvaccine

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Area of Science:

  • Cancer immunotherapy
  • Tumor immunology
  • Vaccine development

Background:

  • Tumor vaccines aim to leverage tumor-associated antigens for immune recognition of cancer cells.
  • Early vaccine trials yielded disappointing results due to cancer-mediated T cell suppression.
  • Recent advances in understanding T cell suppression and neoantigens have revitalized vaccine research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of antigens in tumor immunotherapy.
  • To discuss vaccine development strategies informed by genomic profiling.
  • To provide a perspective on integrating tumor vaccines into current cancer therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on tumor antigens and immunotherapy.
  • Discussion of vaccine platforms and their presentation of antigens.
  • Analysis of the impact of genomic profiling on personalized vaccine design.

Main Results:

  • Tumor-associated antigens are crucial for immune recognition of cancer.
  • Neoantigens are emerging as biomarkers for therapeutic response to immunotherapies.
  • Personalized neoantigen vaccines combined with checkpoint inhibitors are under active clinical investigation.

Conclusions:

  • Tumor vaccines are a key area of interest in cancer immunotherapy.
  • Personalized vaccines targeting neoantigens hold significant therapeutic potential.
  • The combination of vaccines and checkpoint inhibitors may represent the future of cancer treatment.