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Schizotypy and Cognitive Failures: A Mediating Role for Affect.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Cognitive Science
  • Psychopathology

Background:

  • Cognitive failures, disruptions in daily cognitive functioning, are heightened in psychological disorders like schizophrenia and in healthy individuals with psychosis proneness (schizotypy).
  • Negative affect is known to exacerbate cognitive failures and is associated with both schizophrenia and schizotypy.
  • The study investigates whether negative affect influences cognitive failures in high schizotypy through moderation or mediation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the role of negative affect in the relationship between schizotypy and cognitive failures.
  • To determine if negative affect moderates or mediates cognitive failures in young adults with high schizotypy.

Main Methods:

  • A sample of 863 healthy young adults (aged 18-25) completed online questionnaires.
  • Measures included self-report schizotypy, negative affect, and cognitive failures.
  • Moderation and mediation analyses were conducted using the PROCESS macro in SPSS.

Main Results:

  • Schizotypy, negative affect, and cognitive failures were positively correlated.
  • Negative affect did not moderate the relationship between schizotypy and cognitive failures.
  • Negative affect partially mediated the relationship between schizotypy and cognitive failures.

Conclusions:

  • Negative affect contributes to, but does not fully explain, the increased cognitive failures in individuals with high schizotypy.
  • Other aspects of schizotypy also play a role in cognitive failures.
  • Clinicians should consider the impact of negative affect and other schizotypal traits when addressing cognitive complaints in at-risk individuals.