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Collagen density gradient on three-dimensional printed poly(ε-caprolactone) scaffolds for interface tissue

Ugo D'Amora1, Matteo D'Este2, David Eglin2

  • 1Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council, Naples, Italy.

Journal of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
|May 10, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a novel method to create 3D scaffolds with continuous chemical gradients, mimicking natural tissue transitions for better organ repair. This advance combines additive manufacturing with surface modification for interface tissue engineering.

Keywords:
collagenfunctionalizationinterface tissue engineeringpoly(ε-caprolactone)scaffold

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Surface Chemistry

Background:

  • Engineering complex organ scaffolds requires mimicking the continuous gradients found in natural tissues.
  • Additive manufacturing enables control over scaffold geometry and material heterogeneity.
  • Creating surface chemical gradients on 3D printed scaffolds remains a significant challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize a method for creating surface chemical gradients on 3D printed scaffolds.
  • To combine additive manufacturing with surface functionalization for advanced tissue engineering constructs.
  • To fabricate scaffolds that mimic the continuous biochemical transitions between different tissue types.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized fused deposition modeling for 3D scaffold fabrication.
  • Employed a two-step surface modification process: aminolysis of poly(ε-caprolactone) followed by collagen immobilization via carbodiimide reaction.
  • Characterized 2D and 3D constructs for amine and collagen content, wettability, surface topography, and biofunctionality.

Main Results:

  • Successfully introduced a gradient functionalization method on poly(ε-caprolactone) surfaces.
  • Demonstrated the creation of controlled chemical gradients in 3D printed scaffolds with defined geometry and porosity.
  • Validated the combination of additive manufacturing and surface modification as a viable approach for gradient scaffold fabrication.

Conclusions:

  • Additive manufacturing coupled with surface modification enables the creation of 3D constructs with controlled structural and chemical gradients.
  • These gradient scaffolds show promise for mimicking continuous tissue gradients, particularly for interface tissue engineering applications.
  • The developed technique offers a pathway towards more sophisticated biomaterials for complex organ repair and regeneration.