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Site-specific gene expression patterns in oral cancer.

Gesche Frohwitter1, Horst Buerger2,3, Eberhard Korsching4

  • 1Institute of Pathology, Husener Str. 46a, 33098, Paderborn, Höxter, Germany. Gesche.Frohwitter@uni-muenster.de.

Head & Face Medicine
|May 11, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) of the oral cavity show distinct gene expression patterns based on tumor location. Increased X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) expression in floor of mouth SCCs correlates with poorer survival.

Keywords:
LocationOral cavitySquamous cell carcinomaTumour biology

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) are common head and neck cancers.
  • Gene expression differences exist between oral cavity SCCs and other head and neck sites.
  • Tumor site-specific gene expression within the oral cavity requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate tumor site-specific gene expression patterns in oral cavity squamous cell carcinomas.
  • To compare gene expression between SCCs of the floor of the mouth, tongue, and other oral cavity locations.

Main Methods:

  • Tissue microarrays (TMAs) analyzed 76 floor of mouth SCCs, 49 tongue SCCs, and 68 other oral cavity SCCs.
  • Immunohistochemistry assessed expression of 17 genes related to cell cycle, adhesion, and apoptosis.
  • Statistical analyses included chi-squared, interdependency, and Kaplan-Meier.

Main Results:

  • X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) showed significantly higher expression in floor of mouth SCCs compared to tongue SCCs (p<0.05).
  • Increased XIAP expression was linked to significantly decreased overall survival in oral cavity SCCs (p<0.05).
  • Inverse expression of p53, CA IX, beta-catenin, Hif-1-alpha, and c-kit was noted between floor of mouth and tongue SCCs, but without statistical significance.

Conclusions:

  • Oral cavity SCCs exhibit a molecular and morphological spectrum.
  • XIAP expression patterns suggest distinct molecular profiles for floor of mouth and oral tongue cancers.
  • Further research is needed to identify tumor site-specific factors impacting prognosis and patient management.