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Infant Feeding and Risk of Type 1 Diabetes in Two Large Scandinavian Birth Cohorts

Nicolai A Lund-Blix1,2,3, Stine Dydensborg Sander4, Ketil Størdal3

  • 1Department of Pediatric Research, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway nicolai.andre.lund-blix@fhi.no.

Diabetes Care
|May 11, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Breastfeeding appears to reduce the risk of type 1 diabetes in children. However, extending breastfeeding duration beyond a certain point did not show further risk reduction for type 1 diabetes.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Epidemiology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Type 1 diabetes is a significant autoimmune disease affecting children.
  • The role of early life exposures, such as infant feeding practices, in type 1 diabetes development is under investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between the duration of full and any breastfeeding and the risk of developing type 1 diabetes in children.

Main Methods:

  • Two large population-based birth cohorts (Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study and Danish National Birth Cohort) were analyzed.
  • Data from 155,392 children were followed from birth to 2014/2015, with type 1 diabetes ascertained via national registries.
  • Cox regression analysis was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for type 1 diabetes risk based on breastfeeding duration.

Main Results:

  • Children never breastfed had a twofold increased risk of type 1 diabetes compared to those breastfed.
  • Among breastfed children, the incidence of type 1 diabetes was not significantly associated with the duration of full breastfeeding (HR 0.99 per month) or any breastfeeding (HR 0.97 per month).

Conclusions:

  • Breastfeeding shows a protective association against type 1 diabetes.
  • There is no evidence that extending the duration of full or any breastfeeding beyond a certain point further reduces the risk of type 1 diabetes in children.
Abstract

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