CHANGING PARADIGMS IN PREOPERATIVE FASTING: RESULTS OF A JOINT EFFORT IN PEDIATRIC SURGERY

Carlos Augusto Leite de Barros Carvalho1, Augusto Aurélio de Carvalho2, Paulo Luiz Batista Nogueira1

  • 1Faculty of Medicine, University Center of Varzea Grande, Várzea Grande, MT, Brazil.

Insights

Shortening preoperative fasting to 2 hours with carbohydrate drinks is safe for pediatric surgery. Early postoperative feeding can be implemented for elective procedures in children, reducing adverse effects of prolonged fasting.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Surgery
  • Anesthesiology
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Prolonged preoperative fasting in children is associated with adverse outcomes.
  • Current practices often mandate overnight fasting, regardless of surgical timing.
  • Carbohydrate-containing beverages can attenuate the endocrinometabolic response to surgical stress.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the safety and feasibility of abbreviated preoperative fasting (2 hours) with carbohydrate-rich beverages.
  • To assess the safety of early postoperative feeding in children undergoing elective surgery.
  • To contribute to a national task force on optimizing pediatric surgical protocols.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study including 31 children undergoing elective small/mid-size surgical procedures.
  • Administration of a 150 ml carbohydrate supplement (12.5% maltodextrin) 2 hours preoperatively.
  • Collection of data on fasting duration, anesthetic complications, and time to postoperative refeeding.

Main Results:

  • Median preoperative fasting time was 145 minutes; median postoperative refeeding time was 135 minutes.
  • No adverse anesthetic or intraoperative events were recorded.
  • Two children (6.5%) experienced postoperative vomiting, with no other complications noted.

Conclusions:

  • Abbreviated preoperative fasting to 2 hours with carbohydrate beverages is safe in pediatric surgery.
  • Early postoperative refeeding is safe and can be recommended for elective small/mid-size procedures.
  • This protocol mitigates risks associated with prolonged fasting in pediatric surgical patients.
Abstract

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