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Pain Experience in Dementia Subtypes: A Systematic Review.

Tarik T Binnekade1, Janime Van Kooten2, Frank Lobbezoo3

  • 1Department of Clinical Neuropsychology, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, VU University, Van der Boechorststraat 1, 1081 BT Amsterdam, Netherlands.

Current Alzheimer Research
|May 12, 2017
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Summary

Pain perception differs across dementia subtypes. Alzheimer's dementia may reduce pain experience, while frontotemporal dementia shows lower pain sensitivity. More research is needed for effective pain management in dementia patients.

Keywords:
Alzheimerdementiafrontotemporal dementialewy bodiespainpain experiencevascular dementia

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Gerontology
  • Pain Research

Background:

  • Growing research on pain in dementia, but limited focus on how dementia subtypes influence pain experience.
  • A 2003 review highlighted a link between dementia subtype and pain; an updated review is necessary.
  • Understanding these differences is crucial for accurate pain assessment and management in diverse dementia populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and update the evidence on the relationship between major dementia subtypes and pain experience.
  • To synthesize findings from studies investigating Alzheimer's dementia (AD), vascular dementia (VaD), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), and dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB) concerning pain.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search of PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library.
  • Inclusion criteria: major dementia subtypes (AD, VaD, FTD, DLB), age ≥60 years, and assessment of pain experience.
  • Identified 12 studies for AD, 3 for VaD, 1 for FTD, and 0 for DLB.

Main Results:

  • Alzheimer's dementia (AD): Clinical pain studies suggest reduced pain experience; experimental studies show inconsistent results.
  • Vascular dementia (VaD): Caregiver ratings indicate similar pain to controls, but more painful sites; self-reports show higher pain levels.
  • Frontotemporal dementia (FTD): Significantly lower sensitivity to experimental pain observed.

Conclusions:

  • Existing literature suggests that dementia subtypes differentially affect pain experience.
  • Findings indicate potential variations in pain perception across AD, VaD, and FTD.
  • Further research is essential to elucidate these relationships and improve pain management strategies for individuals with dementia.