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Sesame allergy: current perspectives.

Adil Adatia1, Ann Elaine Clarke2, Yarden Yanishevsky3

  • 1Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton.

Journal of Asthma and Allergy
|May 12, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Sesame allergy diagnosis and management were reviewed. While skin prick tests aid infant diagnosis, oral food challenges remain the gold standard for confirming sesame allergy.

Keywords:
component-resolved diagnosticsepinephrine autoinjectorsesame allergyskin prick testingspecific IgE

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Area of Science:

  • Allergy and Immunology
  • Food Science

Background:

  • Sesame allergy is a significant global health concern, causing anaphylaxis and affecting a notable portion of populations, particularly in the Middle East and Israel.
  • It is the third most common food allergen in Israel and a major cause of anaphylaxis in the Middle East.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review recent (last 10 years) original articles on the diagnosis and management of sesame allergy.
  • To evaluate current diagnostic methods and management strategies for sesame allergy.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of original research articles published within the last decade.
  • Analysis of studies focusing on diagnostic accuracy (skin prick testing, serum-specific IgE) and management strategies.
  • Consideration of oral food challenges as a diagnostic benchmark.

Main Results:

  • Skin prick testing shows promise for diagnosing sesame allergy in infants, but its consistency decreases in older children and adults.
  • Serum-specific immunoglobulin E testing demonstrates poor diagnostic capacity, especially when validated against oral food challenges.
  • Double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenge is confirmed as the gold standard for sesame allergy diagnosis.
  • Allergen avoidance is the primary management strategy, with a critical need for patient preparedness for accidental exposures and prompt epinephrine use.

Conclusions:

  • Current diagnostic tools for sesame allergy have limitations, with oral food challenges remaining essential.
  • Effective management relies on strict allergen avoidance and readiness to treat reactions.
  • Emerging diagnostic and therapeutic options require further research before clinical implementation.