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Related Concept Videos

Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction01:24

Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction

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Nephrotic Syndrome is a chronic kidney disorder defined by clinical findings such as severe proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema. These symptoms result from damage to the glomeruli, the kidney’s filtering units, increasing their permeability to proteins.Definition and Meaning:Proteinuria, defined as the loss of more than 3.5 grams of protein per day in adults, is a crucial feature of nephrotic syndrome. This condition is often accompanied by edema, the accumulation of...
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Renal Corpuscle01:20

Renal Corpuscle

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The glomerulus and Bowman's capsule are two essential components of the nephron, which is the functional unit of the kidney. These microscopic structures play a critical role in the process of blood filtration to produce urine.
Glomerulus: Structure and Function
The glomerulus is a tiny, intricate network of capillaries located at the beginning of the nephron. It's enveloped by the Bowman's capsule and receives its blood supply from an afferent arteriole, which divides into numerous...
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Glomerular Filtration01:15

Glomerular Filtration

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The filtration membrane in the renal system is a highly specialized structure essential for filtering blood. It consists of glomerular capillaries and podocytes, forming a selective barrier that permits the passage of water and small solutes while restricting most plasma proteins and blood cells.
Components of the Filtration Membrane
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Nephrons01:10

Nephrons

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The kidneys are intricate organs with millions of working units known as nephrons. Each nephron features two major structures: the renal corpuscle, which facilitates blood plasma filtration, and the renal tubule, which handles the glomerular filtrate. Blood supply is directly linked to the nephrons. The renal corpuscle consists of the glomerulus, a capillary network, and the Bowman's capsule, a double-walled epithelial structure that encases the glomerulus. The filtering of blood plasma...
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Nephrotic Syndrome II : Assessment and Medical Management01:26

Nephrotic Syndrome II : Assessment and Medical Management

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IntroductionNephrotic syndrome is a kidney disorder marked by excessive protein loss in the urine, leading to various systemic complications. This condition often results from damage to the glomeruli—the kidney's filtering units—causing proteinuria, low blood protein levels, and fluid retention. Understanding the assessment, diagnosis, and management of nephrotic syndrome is essential for effective treatment and prevention of further kidney damage.AssessmentPatient History: Document...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 2, 2026

Glomerular Outgrowth as an Ex Vivo Assay to Analyze Pathways Involved in Parietal Epithelial Cell Activation
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Unwinding focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.

Vasil Peev1, Eunsil Hahm1, Jochen Reiser1

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.

F1000Research
|May 12, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is a leading cause of kidney failure. Soluble urokinase plasminogen activating receptor (suPAR) is identified as an early biomarker for chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression in FSGS patients.

Keywords:
FSGSfocal segmental glomerulosclerosisnephrotic syndromesuPAR

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Glomerular Diseases
  • Biomarker Discovery

Background:

  • Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is the primary cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in the US.
  • FSGS progression involves podocyte injury, leading to chronic kidney disease (CKD) and nephron degeneration.
  • Understanding FSGS mechanisms is crucial for general CKD insights.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate molecules and pathways involved in FSGS pathogenesis.
  • To identify early biomarkers for CKD progression.
  • To explore diagnostic and therapeutic targets for FSGS and CKD.

Main Methods:

  • Review of basic science research on FSGS mechanisms.
  • Clinical and basic science investigation of soluble urokinase plasminogen activating receptor (suPAR).
  • Identification of other circulating factors implicated in podocyte injury.

Main Results:

  • Soluble urokinase plasminogen activating receptor (suPAR) has emerged as the earliest and most reliable marker of future CKD.
  • Other potential podocyte-damaging factors include anti-CD40 auto-antibody and cardiotrophin-like cytokine factor-1.
  • Several molecules and pathways are implicated in FSGS and may serve as early biomarkers.

Conclusions:

  • Identifying key molecules like suPAR can aid in predicting and potentially treating CKD.
  • Further understanding of these factors may lead to effective therapies for FSGS and broader CKD populations.
  • suPAR shows significant promise as an early diagnostic marker for CKD in FSGS patients.