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Pericardial Effusion and Cardiac Tamponade in the New Millennium

Brian D Hoit1

  • 1Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106-5038, USA. bdh6@po.cwru.edu.

Current Cardiology Reports
|May 12, 2017
PubMed

Insights

This review examines current diagnosis and treatment strategies for pericardial effusions and cardiac tamponade. While echocardiography is key, evidence-based guidelines for managing these conditions remain limited.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Pericardial effusion and cardiac tamponade require timely diagnosis and management.
  • Recent guidelines offer refined approaches but leave knowledge gaps.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current diagnostic and treatment strategies for pericardial effusions and cardiac tamponade.
  • To highlight advancements in assessing effusion size and hemodynamic impact.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent recommendations from major cardiology societies.
  • Analysis of current data on diagnostic and triage strategies.
  • Evaluation of the role of echocardiography and multimodality imaging.

Main Results:

  • New diagnostic and triage strategies have been proposed.
  • Assessing effusion presence, size, hemodynamic impact, and cause has advanced.
  • Echocardiography remains the primary imaging modality.

Conclusions:

  • Significant knowledge gaps persist in managing pericardial effusion and cardiac tamponade.
  • There is a paucity of evidence-based data for guiding treatment.
  • Multimodality imaging plays an increasing role alongside echocardiography.
Abstract

Keywords:
Cardiac tamponadeEchocardiographyMultimodality imagingPericardial effusion

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