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3D-Printing Composite Polycaprolactone-Decellularized Bone Matrix Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering Applications.

Alexandra N Rindone1,2, Ethan Nyberg1,2, Warren L Grayson3,4,5,6,7

  • 1Translational TE Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|May 12, 2017
PubMed
Summary

This study details 3D-printed scaffolds made from polycaprolactone (PCL) and decellularized bone matrix (DCB) for tissue-engineered bone grafts. These scaffolds support adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) to regenerate bone tissue effectively.

Keywords:
3D-printingAdipose-derived stem cellsBone tissue engineeringDecellularized bone matrixPolycaprolactone

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Orthopedic Surgery

Background:

  • Millions require bone grafts for large defects due to trauma, cancer, or congenital conditions.
  • Current bone grafts have limitations in fully restoring functional bone tissue.
  • Tissue engineering (TE) offers a promising alternative using stem cells and scaffolds.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe protocols for fabricating and characterizing 3D-printed polycaprolactone (PCL) and decellularized bone matrix (DCB) composite scaffolds.
  • To demonstrate the osteoinductivity of these PCL:DCB scaffolds using adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) in vitro.
  • To highlight 3D-printing as a key technique for creating patient-specific, functionalized bone TE scaffolds.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of composite scaffolds using 3D-printing with polycaprolactone (PCL) and decellularized bone matrix (DCB).
  • Characterization of scaffold properties, including mechanical integrity, geometry, and osteoinductivity.
  • In vitro culture of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) within the fabricated scaffolds.

Main Results:

  • Successfully fabricated 3D-printed PCL:DCB composite scaffolds with desired mechanical properties and patient-specific geometry.
  • Demonstrated the potential of these scaffolds to support adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) for bone regeneration.
  • Confirmed the osteoinductivity of the PCL:DCB scaffolds in vitro.

Conclusions:

  • 3D-printed PCL:DCB composite scaffolds are a viable option for bone tissue engineering.
  • These scaffolds possess the necessary characteristics for successful bone regeneration.
  • Further research can advance the clinical application of these engineered bone grafts.