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Related Concept Videos

Gene Therapy00:59

Gene Therapy

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Gene therapy is a technique where a gene is inserted into a person’s cells to prevent or treat a serious disease. The added gene may be a healthy version of the gene that is mutated in the patient, or it could be a different gene that inactivates or compensates for the patient’s disease-causing gene. For example, in patients with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) due to a mutation in the gene for the enzyme adenosine deaminase, a functioning version of the gene can be...
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MicroRNAs01:22

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
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Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics01:29

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Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
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Systemic Delivery of MicroRNA Using Recombinant Adeno-associated Virus Serotype 9 to Treat Neuromuscular Diseases in Rodents
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Smart Micro/Nano-robotic Systems for Gene Delivery.

Alireza Pedram1, Hossein Nejat Pishkenari1

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Nano-robotics Laboratory, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran. Iran.

Current Gene Therapy
|May 13, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Intelligent miniature robots offer precise gene delivery, overcoming challenges in current therapies. These small-scale robots enable targeted oligonucleotide transfer, improving efficiency and reducing side effects for advanced biomedical applications.

Keywords:
ChemotaxisGene deliveryGene releaseHybrid systemsMRI actuationMicro/nano-robotics

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Nanotechnology
  • Robotics

Background:

  • Small-scale robotics are crucial for precise targeting in biomedical applications, including drug and gene delivery.
  • Current gene therapy limitations like systemic side effects and low efficiency can be addressed by intelligent carriers.
  • Advancements in control, power, and gene release mechanisms are enabling practical applications for miniature robots.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the challenges and solutions in developing small-scale robotic systems for targeted gene delivery.
  • To discuss the critical working demands for robotic gene carriers, including attachment, release, and cell internalization.
  • To highlight the potential of robotic systems in improving gene delivery compared to conventional methods.

Main Methods:

  • Discussion of various scenarios and approaches for robotic carrier functionality.
  • Analysis of key aspects: carrier attachment and release, cell internalization, manipulation, and actuation systems.
  • Review of experimental results demonstrating controlled gene release from robotic systems.

Main Results:

  • Promising experimental outcomes showcase controlled gene release capabilities of robotic systems.
  • Robotic systems demonstrate potential for enhanced specificity compared to non-specific gene delivery methods.
  • Progress in control, power, and gene release technologies is paving the way for near-future applications.

Conclusions:

  • Small-scale robots represent a significant advancement for targeted gene therapy.
  • These intelligent carriers offer a promising solution to enhance therapeutic efficiency and minimize side effects.
  • Further development in robotic systems is expected to revolutionize oligonucleotide delivery in biomedical applications.