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Published on: December 18, 2013
Increased salivary oxidative stress parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes: Relation with periodontal disease
Carlos Arana1, Ana María Moreno-Fernández2, Gerardo Gómez-Moreno3
1Departamento de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Sevilla, España.
Objective:
The aim of this study was to determine whether there are differences in salivary oxidative stress between patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) and healthy non-diabetic patients, and whether this oxidative stress is associated with the presence of periodontal disease in diabetic patients.
Material And Methods:
This observational study included 70 patients divided into three groups according to metabolic control levels: 19 non-diabetic patients (control group); 24 patients with good metabolic control (HbA1c<7%), and 27 patients DM2 with poor metabolic control (HbA1c>7%). The following oxidative stress parameters were measured in all subjects: glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GRd), reduced glutathione (GSH) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG). Periodontal health was determined by means of the community periodontal index (CPI) recommended by the WHO.
Results:
The diabetic group with good metabolic control showed a significant increase in GPx and GRd activity in comparison with the control group (P<.001). The activity of the enzymes measured was significantly less in patients with poor metabolic control in comparison with the control group and well-controlled diabetic groups (P<.001). Both diabetic groups showed higher GSSG/GSH quotients and CPI in comparison with the control group, and both parameters were significantly higher in diabetic patients with poor metabolic control in comparison with well-controlled diabetic patients.
Conclusions:
Poor metabolic control in DM2 patients is associated with higher levels of salivary oxidative stress and worse periodontal health.
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