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Related Concept Videos

Schizophrenia01:17

Schizophrenia

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Schizophrenia, a term introduced by Swiss psychiatrist Eugen Bleuler in 1911, describes a severe psychological disorder marked by profound disruptions in attention, thought processes, language, emotion, and interpersonal relationships. The core feature of schizophrenia is psychosis — a state characterized by a fundamental detachment from reality. This disconnection manifests through distorted logic, impaired perception, and atypical behavior, severely affecting the lives of those...
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Schizophrenia is a neurodevelopmental disorder whose origins are rooted in complex genetic components. Despite our burgeoning understanding, the pathophysiology of this disorder remains incompletely deciphered.
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Negative symptoms of schizophrenia indicate a reduction or absence of typical behaviors and emotional responses found in healthy individuals, while positive symptoms reflect an excess or distortion of normal functioning.
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Bipolar disorder is a chronic mental health condition marked by significant mood fluctuations, including episodes of mania and depression. Elevated energy levels, heightened mood or irritability, impulsive behavior, reduced sleep needs, rapid speech, racing thoughts, inflated self-esteem, and distractibility characterize mania. Individuals with bipolar disorder often alternate between depressive and manic states, with periods of emotional stability lasting an average of six months to a year.
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Schizophrenia, a complex psychiatric disorder, has been historically misunderstood. Early psychological theories attributed its origins to childhood trauma and unresponsive parenting. However, contemporary research largely rejects these notions, favoring the vulnerability-stress hypothesis. This model proposes that individuals with a genetic predisposition to schizophrenia may develop the disorder following exposure to significant environmental stressors. Notably, studies on high-risk...
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Cortical Alpha Activity in Schizoaffective Patients.

Mahdi Moeini1, Ali Khaleghi2, Mohammad Reza Mohammadi2

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.

Iranian Journal of Psychiatry
|May 13, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Schizoaffective disorder (SA) is linked to significantly reduced alpha brain wave activity, both spontaneous and evoked, particularly in posterior brain regions. This decrease may be associated with SA symptoms like hallucinations.

Keywords:
Alpha ActivityElectroencephalogramSchizoaffective DisorderSerotonin

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Abnormal brain oscillations are observed in schizophrenia and mood disorders.
  • Schizoaffective disorder (SA) presents with symptoms of both schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.
  • Serotonin (5-HT) receptor dysfunction is implicated in SA pathophysiology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate alpha oscillations in individuals diagnosed with schizoaffective disorder (SA).
  • To compare alpha oscillation patterns between SA patients and healthy controls.

Main Methods:

  • Electroencephalography (EEG) was employed to measure ongoing and evoked alpha oscillations.
  • Participants included 38 adults meeting DSM-IV criteria for SA and 39 healthy controls.

Main Results:

  • Patients with SA exhibited significantly lower spontaneous alpha power compared to healthy controls (P < 0.01).
  • Evoked alpha activity was also significantly decreased in the SA group (P = 0.025).
  • Reduced alpha activity was most pronounced in posterior brain regions.

Conclusions:

  • A marked reduction in posterior alpha power may indicate thalamocortical circuit abnormalities in SA.
  • Decreased alpha activity, especially in centro-parietal and occipital regions, correlates with SA symptoms such as hallucinations.
  • Hypoxia and reduced cerebral blood flow may contribute to reduced alpha activity in SA.