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Controlled Ion Release from Novel Polyester/Ceramic Composites Enhances Osteoinductivity
Soheila Ali Akbari Ghavimi1, Rama Rao Tata2, Andrew J Greenwald1
1Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Missouri, W2027 Lafferre Hall, 416 S. 6th Street, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA.
The AAPS Journal
|May 13, 2017
Summary
Novel polymer/ceramic composites show promise for bone regeneration. By controlling calcium and phosphate release, these biomaterials enhance mesenchymal stem cell differentiation and mineralization, offering a potential alternative to biological grafts.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Regenerative Medicine
- Biomineralization
Background:
- Musculoskeletal defects necessitate advanced graft substitutes due to limitations of current biological materials.
- Composite biomaterials mimicking natural bone's organic and inorganic phases can enhance endogenous repair.
- Controlled release of osteoinductive calcium and phosphate ions is crucial for bone regeneration.
Purpose of the Study:
- To synthesize and characterize novel polymer/ceramic composite biomaterials for bone regeneration.
- To investigate the modulation of calcium and phosphate ion release from these composites.
- To evaluate the osteogenic potential of the composites using mesenchymal stem cells.
Main Methods:
- Synthesis of unique aliphatic polyesters complexed with monobasic calcium phosphate (MCP).
- Analysis of ion release kinetics and pH modulation during composite degradation.
- In vitro incubation of composites with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to assess osteogenic differentiation.
Main Results:
- MCP's rapid ion release was successfully modulated by polymer length and chemistry.
- Controlled ion release mitigated pH changes associated with polyester degradation.
- Composites significantly enhanced MSC osteogenic differentiation (alkaline phosphatase expression, mineralization) compared to individual components.
Conclusions:
- Controllable release of calcium and phosphate ions via a polyester matrix is a viable strategy for bone regenerative engineering.
- These novel composite biomaterials demonstrate superior osteoinductive properties.
- The findings offer a promising avenue for developing effective bone graft substitutes.
