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Vaccine-based immunotherapeutic approaches to gliomas and beyond

Michael Weller1, Patrick Roth1, Matthias Preusser2

  • 1Department of Neurology and Brain Tumour Centre, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Frauenklinikstrasse 26, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland.

Nature Reviews. Neurology
|May 13, 2017
PubMed

Insights

This review explores glioma vaccination strategies, including those targeting EGFRvIII and using dendritic cells. Combining vaccines with immunomodulatory agents may overcome tumor immunosuppression for better glioma treatment outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Neuro-oncology
  • Immunotherapy
  • Cancer Vaccines

Background:

  • Gliomas, including glioblastoma, are aggressive brain tumors with infiltrative growth and resistance to conventional therapies.
  • Glioblastoma exhibits neoangiogenesis and significant immunosuppressive properties, hindering effective treatment.
  • Developing strategies to overcome glioma-associated immunosuppression and enhance anti-tumor immunity is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current and emerging vaccination approaches for glioma treatment.
  • To highlight strategies that have progressed to clinical trials and those in early development.
  • To discuss the potential of combination therapies to enhance vaccine efficacy.

Main Methods:

  • Review of preclinical and clinical trial data on glioma vaccination strategies.
  • Analysis of vaccines targeting specific tumor antigens like EGFRvIII.
  • Examination of dendritic cell-based vaccines and peptide vaccines.

Main Results:

  • Several glioma vaccine strategies have reached Phase III clinical trials.
  • Approaches include EGFRvIII-targeted vaccines, peptide vaccines, and tumor lysate-stimulated dendritic cells.
  • Early-phase trials are investigating novel vaccines like IMA-950 and CMV-derived peptides.

Conclusions:

  • Vaccination represents a promising avenue for glioma immunotherapy.
  • Combination of vaccines with immunomodulatory agents (e.g., checkpoint inhibitors) may overcome immunosuppression.
  • Further research into novel vaccine platforms and combination strategies is warranted for improved glioma treatment.

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