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A Rice NAC Transcription Factor Promotes Leaf Senescence via ABA Biosynthesis.

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A rice NAC transcription factor, OsNAC2, accelerates leaf senescence by regulating abscisic acid (ABA) levels and chlorophyll degradation. Reducing OsNAC2 expression increases rice grain yield by delaying senescence.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Molecular Biology
  • Plant Physiology
  • Agricultural Science

Background:

  • Abscisic acid (ABA) and premature leaf senescence negatively impact rice (Oryza sativa) yield.
  • The molecular mechanisms and transcriptional networks controlling ABA levels during rice leaf senescence are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of the rice NAC transcription factor, OsNAC2, in ABA-induced leaf senescence.
  • To elucidate the upstream transcriptional network modulating ABA levels during rice leaf senescence.

Main Methods:

  • Overexpression and knockdown of OsNAC2 in rice.
  • Chromatin immunoprecipitation-quantitative PCR (ChIP-qPCR).
  • Dual-luciferase and yeast one-hybrid assays.

Main Results:

  • OsNAC2 overexpression accelerated leaf senescence; knockdown delayed it.
  • OsNAC2 directly activates chlorophyll degradation genes (OsSGR, OsNYC3).
  • OsNAC2 upregulates ABA biosynthesis genes (OsNCED3, OsZEP1) and downregulates ABA catabolism (OsABA8ox1), increasing ABA levels.
  • ABA exhibits feedback repression on OsNAC2 expression.
  • RNAi lines with reduced OsNAC2 expression showed a 10% increase in grain yield.

Conclusions:

  • A novel ABA-NAC-SAGs regulatory module was identified, providing insight into ABA's role in leaf senescence.
  • OsNAC2 plays a crucial role in the transcriptional network of ABA production during rice leaf senescence.
  • OsNAC2 is a potential target for improving rice yield by modulating senescence.