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Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Operation in Rats
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Weight Loss After Bariatric Surgery: Do Clinical and Behavioral Factors Explain Racial Differences?

Christina C Wee1, Daniel B Jones2, Caroline Apovian3

  • 1Division of General Medicine and Primary Care, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA, 02215, USA. cwee@bidmc.harvard.edu.

Obesity Surgery
|May 14, 2017
PubMed
Summary

African American patients experienced less weight loss after bariatric surgery compared to Caucasian patients. This difference persisted even after accounting for various health and lifestyle factors, suggesting an unexplained disparity in surgical weight loss outcomes.

Keywords:
Bariatric surgeryGastric bandingRaceRoux-Y gastric bypassWeight loss

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Area of Science:

  • Bariatric surgery outcomes
  • Racial disparities in health

Background:

  • Previous research indicates lower weight loss in African American patients post-bariatric surgery.
  • Few studies have comprehensively analyzed baseline demographic, clinical, and behavioral factors to explain these racial differences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare weight loss between African American and Caucasian patients following bariatric surgery.
  • To investigate whether baseline demographic, clinical, or behavioral factors explain observed racial differences in weight loss at 1 and 2 years post-surgery.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 537 patients undergoing Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass or gastric banding was studied.
  • Weight loss was compared by race/ethnicity at 1 and 2 years post-surgery.
  • Baseline demographic, clinical (BMI, comorbidities, quality of life), and behavioral (eating, physical activity, alcohol intake) factors were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • African Americans lost significantly less weight than Caucasians: 5.93% less after gastric bypass and 4.72% less after gastric banding, even after adjustments.
  • Factors like diabetes and difficulty with dietary changes were associated with less weight loss in gastric bypass patients.
  • Anxiety disorders were linked to less weight loss in gastric banding patients.

Conclusions:

  • African American patients achieve significantly less weight loss compared to Caucasian patients after bariatric surgery.
  • The observed racial disparities in weight loss could not be explained by the demographic, clinical, or behavioral factors examined in this study.