Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Videos

Studies on vaginal malodor. I. Study in humans.

M Chvapil, C Eskelson, S Jacobs

    Obstetrics and Gynecology
    |July 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary

    Collagen sponges used as intravaginal contraceptives can develop malodor, primarily from ejaculate. Removing, rinsing, and reinserting the sponge within 24 hours significantly reduces odor formation.

    Related Concept Videos

    You might also read

    Related Articles

    Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

    Sort by
    Same author

    Detection of femtomole and sub-femtomole levels of peptides by tandem magnetic sector/reflectron time-of-flight mass spectrometry and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization.

    Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry·2013
    Same author

    Aerosol matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry.

    Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry·2013
    Same author

    Effects of heavy-atom substituents on matrices used for matrix-assisted laser desorption-Ionization mass spectrometry.

    Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry·2013
    Same author

    Collisional relaxation of metastable electronic states of Fe(+).

    Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry·2013
    Same author

    Photodissociation of high molecular weight peptides and proteins in a two-stage linear time-of-flight mass spectrometer.

    Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry·2013
    Same author

    Design and calibration of an electrostatic energy analyzer-time-of-flight mass spectrometer for measurement of laser-desorbed ion kinetic energies.

    Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry·2013

    Area of Science:

    • Reproductive Health
    • Biomaterials Science
    • Microbiology

    Background:

    • Collagen sponges are explored as intravaginal barrier contraceptives.
    • Malodor development is a potential concern for user acceptance and adherence.
    • Understanding odor formation is crucial for optimizing contraceptive sponge design and use.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the incidence and contributing factors of malodor in collagen sponges used as intravaginal contraceptives.
    • To identify optimal conditions for preventing malodor formation.
    • To determine the source of malodor associated with collagen sponges.

    Main Methods:

    • Collagen sponges were tested as intravaginal barrier contraceptives in volunteers.
    • Odor assessment was performed after varying retention times (24 hours vs. 5 days).
    Keywords:
    Barrier Methods--side effectsBiologyClinical ResearchContraceptionContraceptive Methods--side effectsFamily PlanningGenitaliaGenitalia, MaleHuman VolunteersPhysiologyResearch MethodologySemenSeminal VesiclesUrogenital SystemVaginal Barrier Methods--side effectsVaginal Sponge--side effects

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Factors such as user sexual activity, sponge pH, and cleaning methods were evaluated.
  • Chemical analysis of ejaculate and sponge composition was conducted.

    • Main Results:

    • Forty-two percent of sponges retained for 5 days developed malodor, compared to only 4% removed within 24 hours.
    • Sexually active users reported odor in 37% of sponges, versus 4% for sexually inactive users.
    • Ejaculate was identified as the primary source of malodor, with polyamine levels decreasing upon odor development.
    • Acidic rinsing (vinegar solution, pH 4.0 acetate buffer) was effective in removing malodor, while alkali extraction was not.

    Conclusions:

    • Ejaculate is the major contributor to malodor in intravaginal collagen sponges.
    • Prompt removal, rinsing (optimally with vinegar), and reinsertion within 24 hours significantly mitigates odor.
    • Optimal sponge pH for minimizing odor is likely between 4.5 and 5.5.