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Alterations in intestinal microbiota relate to intestinal failure-associated liver disease and central line
Panliang Wang1, Ying Wang2, Lina Lu2
1Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Insights
Infants with short bowel syndrome (SBS) show gut microbiota dysbiosis, particularly a decrease in acetate and an increase in Proteobacteria, especially with complications like liver disease or bloodstream infections.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Microbiology
- Pediatrics
Background:
- The gut microbiota is crucial for intestinal metabolic and immune functions.
- Short bowel syndrome (SBS) in infants can lead to significant health complications.
- Understanding microbiota alterations in SBS is vital for managing infant health.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate gut microbiota dysbiosis in infants with short bowel syndrome (SBS).
- To compare microbiota profiles in SBS infants with different complications (PNALD, CLABSI) versus asymptomatic cases and healthy controls.
- To identify specific microbial and metabolic changes associated with SBS and its complications.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of 26 fecal samples from 18 infants with SBS and 7 healthy controls.
- Categorization of SBS samples into asymptomatic, parenteral nutrition-associated liver disease (PNALD), and central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) groups.
- Detection of fecal microbiota composition, secretory IgA, calprotectin, bile acids, and short-chain fatty acids.
Main Results:
- Reduced bacterial diversity in PNALD and CLABSI groups compared to asymptomatic and control groups.
- Increased abundance of Proteobacteria, particularly Enterobacteriaceae, in PNALD and CLABSI groups.
- Decreased acetate levels in all SBS samples, while secretory IgA, calprotectin, and bile acid profiles remained similar to controls.
Conclusions:
- Short bowel syndrome in infants is associated with significant gut microbiota alterations, including decreased acetate.
- Complications such as PNALD and CLABSI correlate with reduced microbial diversity and an over-abundance of Proteobacteria.
- These findings highlight the link between gut dysbiosis and SBS complications in infants.
Background:
The gut microbiota plays a vital role in modulating the metabolic and immune functions of the intestines. We aimed to analyze the dysbiosis of microbiota in infants with short bowel syndrome (SBS) with different complications.
Procedure:
We included 26 fecal samples from 18 infants with SBS during parenteral nutrition. The samples were categorized into three groups: asymptomatic, parenteral nutrition-associated liver disease (PNALD), and central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI). Seven healthy infants were enrolled as controls. Fecal microbiota, secretory IgA, calprotectin, bile acids, and short chain fatty acids were detected.
Results:
The bacterial diversity of the Asymptomatic and Control Groups was significantly higher than that in the PNALD and CLABSI Groups. Proteobacteria was the most pronounced phylum in the PNALD and CLABSI Groups. Decreased acetate was observed in all SBS samples; however, fecal secretory IgA and calprotectin and the proportion of primary and secondary bile acids did not differ from those in healthy controls.
Conclusions:
Marked alterations of the intestinal microbiota with decreased level of acetate were shown in SBS patients compared with healthy controls. Over-abundance of Proteobacteria (especially Enterobacteriaceae) was found in the samples from the PNALD and CLABSI Groups.
Level Of Evidence:
Prognosis Study, Level I.
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