[Tinea capitis: Main mycosis child. Epidemiological study on 10years]

Area of Science:

• Medical Mycology
• Pediatric Dermatology
• Infectious Diseases Epidemiology

Background:

• Tinea capitis is a common fungal infection of the scalp, particularly in children.
• Despite improvements in hygiene, it remains a significant public health issue in many regions.
• Understanding its epidemiological and etiological patterns is crucial for effective control.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the epidemiological, clinical, and mycological characteristics of tinea capitis in children in the Tunis region.
• To identify the predominant dermatophyte species causing tinea capitis in the study population.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective analysis of 1600 children (6 months to 15 years) suspected of tinea capitis from 2005-2014.
• Diagnosis confirmed via direct microscopy (potash) and/or culture on Sabouraud medium.
• Data collected on age, sex, clinical presentation, and causative fungal species.

Main Results:

• Tinea capitis was confirmed in 59.18% of cases (947 children).
• Predominant age group was 4-8 years (52.27%), with a male predominance (sex ratio 2.61).
• Microsporum canis (67%) was the most frequently isolated species, followed by Trichophyton violaceum (31.68%).

Conclusions:

• Tinea capitis is prevalent in Tunisian children, with Microsporum canis being the leading cause.
• The rise of M. canis is associated with increased pet ownership, particularly cats.
• This highlights the need for public health awareness regarding zoonotic transmission routes.